Peculiarities of Metabolic Factors of Cardiovascular Risk in Essential Hypertension Patients depending on Body Weight and Gender

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study on the features of metabolic factors of cardiovascular risk in patients with essential arterial hypertension depending on body weight and gender.Material and methods. The study included 103 essential arterial hypertension patients and 55 patients in the comparison and control groups. In addition to the general examination prescribed by order No. 436, the survey included also anthropometry, testing the levels of uric acid in serum and leptin, and lipidogram.Results and discussion. The study results showed that in general, patients with essential arterial hypertension had it combined with obesity or overweight presented with impaired renal function, with a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate, which was accompanied by higher levels of uric acid and creatinine, dyslipidaemia and higher levels of C-reactive protein as an indicator of systemic inflammation. In particular, in case of essential arterial hypertension combined with obesity, there were observed significantly higher levels of uric acid and Creactive protein and proatherogenic dyslipidaemia, in contrast to overweight. Certain gender differences were found: men had higher levels of triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol and lower levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol than women, which caused an increase in the atherogenic index. Both dyslipidaemia and hyperuricemia were more commonly observed in men, who had better kidney function than women.Regardless of gender, in case of obesity, higher levels of uricemia were diagnosed as compared to overweight. In men it was accompanied by dyslipidaemia; in women with obesity, higher uricemia was accompanied by a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and an increase in C-reactive protein levels. We found direct correlations between uric acid and PSA levels and anthropometric indicators (body weight, body mass index, waist and thigh circumferences) both in men and in women with obesity. We also revealed a direct correlation of uric acid with C-reactive protein and creatinine and an inverse correlation with glomerular filtration rate.Conclusion. The obtained results proved that in patients with essential arterial hypertension and obesity, leptin levels were higher than in the case of overweight. In women, both in terms of overweight and obesity, leptin levels exceeded the values in men in whom it depended on the body weight. We observed direct significant associations of leptin levels with uric acid and C-reactive protein in women.