Peculiarities of Spatiotemporal Clustering in Maunder Butterfly Diagram

Abstract

Spatiotemporal butterfly diagram of Greenwich sunspot area record demonstrates major features of 11-year activity cycle. Here we translate sunspot areas into magnetic flux with known empirical relation and measure the distances between wings in butterfly diagram as between two-dimensional statistical distributions. We found that spatiotemporal structure of butterfly wings is closer for a series of stronger cycles whereas analog of Gnevyshev-Ohl rule is completed for a series of smaller cycles with closer distances in even-odd cycles.