Peculiarities of surface doping with Cu in SnO2 thin film gas sensors

Effects of Y and Zn atoms on the elastic properties of Mg solid solution from first‐principles calculations

“…Our calculations are based on DFT 20, 21 using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) 22–24 Perdew–Wang (PW91) 25, 26 exchange‐correlation functional. We used the projector augmented‐wave method (PAW) 27 as implemented in the VASP code 28, choosing a cutoff energy of 300 eV (∼11 Ha).…”

Spray deposited Mg-doped SnO2 thin film LPG sensor: XPS and EDX analysis in relation to deposition temperature and doping

“…At temperatures less than approximately 180 °C the O 2 -species are mainly detected on the surface[21] and are highly unstable at higher temperature. The O -species dominate when temperature increases above 200 °C[63].The adsorbed oxygen reacts with the excess electrons in the semiconductor, in the temperature range of 150 °C -300 °C to give,O 2 +2e − ⟷ 2O ads − ,the chemisorbed oxygen anions. This adsorbed oxygen creates a space charge region near the film surface by extracting electrons from the material.…”

Effect of thickness of ultra-thin tin oxide film based gas sensors

“…These objects seem randomly distributed at various depth of the layer and the upper grains partly screen the lower ones. Such distribution suggested that at this stage of film growth there was no column-like arrangement of the grain shape objects in the ultra-thin films of d f ≤ 30 nm as it was typically found in comparatively thick tin oxide films (d f > 80-100 nm, e. g. [14]). …”