“…Zeolites are crystalline microporous aluminosilicates with a well-defined pore topology and high thermal and mechanical stability. Zeolites in a powder or pellet form have been broadly used in catalysis, − adsorption, , and ion exchange. , Developments in zeolite thin films and membranes have also enabled the application of zeolites in membrane-based separation − and thin film-based electronics. − The methods used in the fabrication of zeolite films/membranes can be categorized into two classes. The first class requires the formation of zeolite films/membranes during the crystallization of zeolites, which involves in situ crystallization, − seeded growth, , and dry gel conversion. , The second class requires a zeolite suspension with fully grown crystals, which involves dip coating, , spin-on deposition, − or spray deposition. , The second class avoids the need to expose the substrate to a high-pH environment during zeolite crystal growth, thereby making it possible to deposit zeolites on silicon wafers, ,, glass substrates, , and aluminum alloy. , …”