Peculiarities of the Twinning in Silicon during Ball Milling in the Presence of Two Different Materials

Abstract

The structure of silicon, along with mixtures of silicon and boron carbide (B 4 C) powders and silicon and diamond powders with different proportions after mechanoactivation, has been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. It was shown that silicon and boron carbide experience twinning according to the known twinning mechanisms. In addition to the initial phase with a diamond lattice, the particles of two other phases were detected for silicon, including: the Kasper phase (SiIII) and lonsdaleite (SiIV). We established that the phase transformations in silicon can happen due to different mechanisms.

A Review on Metastable Silicon Allotropes

“…Mechanochemical methods are technologies that use an intensive mechanical force (squeeze, friction, shear and impact) to purposely activate powders, changing the crystal structure and chemical activity of particles to a certain extent. On the base of Hertzian Impact Theory, Kulnitskiy [ 74 , 75 ] believed that collision is the major factor generating over 94% of the energy transferred, and high-temperature and high-pressure conditions (>8 GPa, >698 K) can be achieved during ball milling. Indeed, it is notable that various particles undergo distinctive processing and, therefore, many exotic phases, such as Si(c I 16) and Si( hP 4), can form.…”

Structural Features of Silicon, Germanium and Diamond After Processing in a Planetary Mill

“…Видно, что эти фрагменты находятся в зеркальном отражении. Обычная двойниковая граница традиционно обозначается, как Подобные границы часто встречаются в естественных и в искусственных алмазах [12] и в других материалах с решеткой алмаза [6,13,14]. Двойникование в кремнии наблюдалось ранее в слоях кремния, выращенных методом молекулярно-лучевой эпитаксии [15], при деформации кремния методом склерометрии [16], при наноиндентировании [17].…”