Pedestrian ascent and descent behavior characteristics during staircase evacuation under invisible conditions

Lu, Tuantuan; Zhao, Yongxiang; Wu, Peng; Zhu, Pengfei

doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105441

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Like the horizontal movements, the level of illumination impacts the vertical moving velocity. The vertical velocity obtained in this study was comparatively lower than the average obtained by Zeng et al [ 51 ] (under 12% illumination), but was higher than all averages under 0% illumination [ 50 , 51 , 58 , 59 ], as shown in Table 8 . On the other hand, unfamiliar buildings and their environments may not have similar effects as visibility when moving vertically downwards as it does for horizontally.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…On the other hand, as previously mentioned in the horizontal movements ( Section 3.1.1 ), the instantaneous speeds could be affected by the high-noise smartphone-based data. Thus, it is common to use one’s average walking speed in order to analyse the moving patterns when moving downstairs [ 51 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 67 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the comparison focused mainly on four works previously mentioned, the latter one from Juřík et al [ 9 ] is compared separately. The works by Chen et al [ 58 ] and Lu et al [ 59 ] introduced some extreme conditions, such as more floors and 0% visibility, which are also used as part of the supporting evidence in later comparisons.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies reviewed tested vertical moving speeds on staircases with different thread and riser ratios, and found typical vertical movement speeds in the range of 0.62–1.25 m/s, depending on evacuee characteristics [ 51 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. Other researchers have investigated moving speeds under varying visibilities, and found the mean vertical velocity of evacuees to range between 0.41 m/s and 0.57 m/s; while under 100% illumination, speeds ranged between 0.85 m/s and 1.25 m/s [ 39 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 58 , 59 ]. Only a few previous studies [ 39 , 49 ] have involved two moving directions in one track; however, they focused on the impacts on the ascending speed, as they executed evacuation experiments in an underground site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Impact of Postures and Moving Directions in Fire Evacuation in a Low-Visibility Environment

Yan,

He,

Basiri

et al. 2024

Sensors

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Walking speed is a significant aspect of evacuation efficiency, and this speed varies during fire emergencies due to individual physical abilities. However, in evacuations, it is not always possible to keep an upright posture, hence atypical postures, such as stoop walking or crawling, may be required for survival. In this study, a novel 3D passive vision-aided inertial system (3D PVINS) for indoor positioning was used to track the movement of 20 volunteers during an evacuation in a low visibility environment. Participants’ walking speeds using trunk flexion, trunk–knee flexion, and upright postures were measured. The investigations were carried out under emergency and non-emergency scenarios in vertical and horizontal directions, respectively. Results show that different moving directions led to a roughly 43.90% speed reduction, while posture accounted for over 17%. Gender, one of the key categories in evacuation models, accounted for less than 10% of the differences in speed. The speeds of participants under emergency scenarios when compared to non-emergency scenarios was also found to increase by 53.92–60% when moving in the horizontal direction, and by about 48.28–50% when moving in the vertical direction and descending downstairs. Our results also support the social force theory of the warming-up period, as well as the effect of panic on the facilitating occupants’ moving speed.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 64%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Impact of Postures and Moving Directions in Fire Evacuation in a Low-Visibility Environment

Yan,

He,

Basiri

et al. 2024

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the staircase experiment of Köster et al (2019), the dependency of the speed on the density is much smaller than in the plane. Lu et al (2021) conducted staircase experiments without visibility, and it was found that pedestrians prefer to use the enclosure for safety and the ascending speed is similar to descending speed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The movement characteristics of pedestrians on a single-file track at the uphill and downhill conditions

Guo¹,

Ding²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

J. Stat. Mech.

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Ramps, as very common building structures, are widely used in railway stations, subways, shopping malls and other public places. In order to study the movement characteristics of pedestrians both uphill and downhill, we present a group of single-file movement experiments of pedestrians on a ramp with a 9° slope. It is found that in the free flow state, the average speed uphill and downhill is about 1.1 m s−1, while the average speed on the flat surface is about 1.4 m s−1. As the density increases, the critical densities at which the speed of pedestrians begins to decrease going uphill and downhill are both slightly higher than that on the flat surface. We also propose a step-based model considering different step frequencies and step lengths of pedestrians to simulate the movement on the ramp. Compared with the experimental results, it is shown that the model can reproduce the pedestrian’s walking behavior on the ramp well.

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Shortest or locally quickest? A prediction-based approach for evacuation choice simulation between multiple staircases

Hua,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

Journal of Safety Science and Resilience

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Pedestrian ascent and descent behavior characteristics during staircase evacuation under invisible conditions

Cited by 21 publications

References 44 publications

The Impact of Postures and Moving Directions in Fire Evacuation in a Low-Visibility Environment

The Impact of Postures and Moving Directions in Fire Evacuation in a Low-Visibility Environment

The movement characteristics of pedestrians on a single-file track at the uphill and downhill conditions

Shortest or locally quickest? A prediction-based approach for evacuation choice simulation between multiple staircases

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