Pedestrians safety perception and crossing behaviors in narrow urban streets: An experimental study using immersive virtual reality technology

Kwon, Jae-Hong; Kim, Jeongseob; Kim, Seungnam; Cho, Gi-Hyoug

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2022.106757

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Also, the subjectively reported stress levels rose moderately in the crossing cases compared to stepping. We suspect that elevated stress levels are an indicator of higher perceived risk, which has been shown to influence participants' decision-making (Kwon et al 2022;Papadimitriou et al 2017). Figure 5 presents a comparison of the results obtained in our study with those reported in the reference study (Rodríguez Palmeiro et al 2018), considering the most similar experimental conditions.…”

Section: Effects Of the Two Crossing Methods (Cms) On Pedestrian Beha...mentioning

confidence: 65%

Untersuchung des Entscheidungsverhaltens von Fußgängern bei Überqueren mit autonomen Fahrzeugen in virtueller Realität

Menozzi

2023

Z. Arb. Wiss.

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With the development of autonomous vehicle (AV) technology, understanding how pedestrians interact with AVs is of increasing importance. In most field studies on pedestrian crossing behavior when encountering AVs, pedestrians were not permitted to physically cross the street due to safety restrictions. Instead, the physical crossing experience was replaced with indirect methods (e.g., by signalizing with gestures). We hypothesized that this lack of a physical crossing experience could influence the participants’ crossing behavior. To test this hypothesis, we adapted a reference study and constructed a crossing facility using a virtual reality (VR) simulation. In a controlled experiment, the participants encountered iterations of oncoming AVs. For each interaction, they were asked to either cross the street or signify their crossing decisions by taking steps at the edge of the street without crossing.Our study reveals that the lack of a physical crossing can lead to a significantly lower measured critical gap and perceived stress levels, thus indicating the need for detailed analysis when indirect methods are applied for future field studies.Practical Relevance: Due to safety requirements, experiments will continue to measure participants’ crossing behavior without permitting them to physically walk in front of an oncoming vehicle. Our study was the first attempt to reveal how this lack of crossing could potentially affect pedestrians’ behavior, and we obtained empirical evidence in support of our hypothesis, thus providing insights for future studies.

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Section: Effects Of the Two Crossing Methods (Cms) On Pedestrian Beha...mentioning

confidence: 65%

Untersuchung des Entscheidungsverhaltens von Fußgängern bei Überqueren mit autonomen Fahrzeugen in virtueller Realität

Menozzi

2023

Z. Arb. Wiss.

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“…Road crossing can have a chance of collision because the behaviour of pedestrians on the vehicle can cause hazardous circumstances [14]. All pedestrians moving on public transport trips begin and end with walking [15]. Recently, research was carried out to study the pedestrian behaviour pattern with crash risk using simulation-based Virtual Reality technology to improve safety by reducing the risk of the pedestrian crash [16].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Study on the Influence of Pedestrians' Road Crossing Pattern on Safety

Prakash¹,

Karuppanagounder²

2023

TOTJ

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Objective: The present research concentrates on studying the road crossing time of pedestrians based on their pattern of the road crossing. The factors that influence the road occupancy time due to the irregular road crossing patterns of pedestrians have been studied. Methods: The research used a videographic survey of three midblock locations with different land-use types. The pedestrian variables from the video data are extracted to excel using a custom-made video player. The data set consists of 8718 pedestrian data, including all three sites, and the data is analysed using statistical methods. A binary logit analysis is performed to predict the variable influencing the crossing time High/Low. Results: According to the analysis, females making path changes and an increase in stage number show a higher road crossing time for pedestrians. Also, the absence of motor vehicles results in a higher road crossing time for pedestrians. The prediction accuracy of the model is 58.2%, and a variance of 6% shows a lesser degree of spread in the dataset. Conclusion: The inference from the study is that the crossing time of path-changing pedestrians is more than straight-moving pedestrians. Thus, an increase in road crossing time decreases the safety of pedestrians by increasing the exposure rate while crossing the road. So, the probability of safety risk is high when they practice irregular road crossing patterns.

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“…Recently, VR simulators and virtual environments have been used as an effective tool for transportation research, and there have been multiple studies related to the development and validation of bicycle simulators and prototypes (12,14,(60)(61)(62)(63)(64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69)(70)(71). However, there is little prior research of bicyclists' perceived safety or comfort using VR simulators (72)(73)(74)(75).…”

Section: Cycling Tests In Vr Simulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Socioeconomic and Physiological Factors Affecting Preferences for Cycling Infrastructure Using Virtual Reality Experimentation

Saglio,

Robartes,

Chen

et al. 2023

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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Understanding cyclist behaviors and preferences is critical to improve safety and increase mode share. However, real-world cycling data is scarce and on-road testing presents safety concerns. This study presents a novel way of studying cyclists’ perceptions of bicycle infrastructure design alternatives using immersive virtual environments modeled after a real-world corridor, and a previously validated bike simulator at the University of Virginia, U.S. Three infrastructure scenarios were tested: sharing lanes with motor vehicles marked with sharrows (with no bike lane), a separated bike lane, and a protected bike lane with flexible delineators. Surveys elicited data on participants’ preferences and perceptions of safety, as well as demographic and socioeconomic data. Smartwatches collected heart rate (HR) data. A multinomial logit model examined the relationship between sociodemographic and physiological variables and preferences for bicycle infrastructure. Results suggest gender, age, and abrupt changes in HR affect cyclists’ preferences for bike infrastructure design. Overall, gender emerges as the most practically significant predictor variable for bicycle infrastructure preference, with men more likely to prefer sharrows and women more likely to prefer protected bike lanes. Exploratory analysis also suggests that bicyclists who self-identified as “strong and fearless” were more likely to choose sharrows as the preferred design, while bicyclists who self-identified as “interested but concerned” more often chose the protected bike lane. These results highlight the importance of understanding preferences of not just current cyclists, but potential future cyclists. Virtual reality simulation offers a low-cost, safe, and efficient method to understand preferences of individuals interested but not yet choosing cycling as a mode.

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Pedestrians safety perception and crossing behaviors in narrow urban streets: An experimental study using immersive virtual reality technology

Cited by 27 publications

References 67 publications

Untersuchung des Entscheidungsverhaltens von Fußgängern bei Überqueren mit autonomen Fahrzeugen in virtueller Realität

Untersuchung des Entscheidungsverhaltens von Fußgängern bei Überqueren mit autonomen Fahrzeugen in virtueller Realität

Parametric Study on the Influence of Pedestrians' Road Crossing Pattern on Safety

Examining Socioeconomic and Physiological Factors Affecting Preferences for Cycling Infrastructure Using Virtual Reality Experimentation

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