Pediatric bladder stone disease; current status of research

Valyasevi, Aree; Reen, R. van

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(68)80351-8

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Thus, the nuclei of both kidney and bladder stones in developing countries are similar, consisting predominantly of calcium oxalate and/or ammonium acid urate (16,17) (table III). Moreover, most of the patients have large numbers of crystals in their urine, the crystals usually being composed of calcium oxalate and less frequently of ammonium acid urate (17)(18)(19). Microliths have also been identified in the renal tubules in many children with endemic bladder stone disease (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, most of the patients have large numbers of crystals in their urine, the crystals usually being composed of calcium oxalate and less frequently of ammonium acid urate (17)(18)(19). Microliths have also been identified in the renal tubules in many children with endemic bladder stone disease (18). These observations suggest that most bladder stones start as aggregates of calcium oxalate (or ammonium acid urate) crystals in the kidney.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition of Urinary Tract Calculi from Some Developing Countries

Hodgkinson¹

1979

Urol Int

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The compostion of 142 calculi from Sudan, Thailand, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia has been determined by qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis. Calcium oxalate was the commonest constituent of both kidney and bladder stones, followed by magnesium ammonium phosphate, ammonium acid urate, calcium phosphate, uric acid and cystine in that order. Calcium oxalate was also the main constituent of the nucleus of most kidney and bladder stones, calcium phosphate, magnesium ammonium phosphate, and ammonium acid urate occurring most frequently in the outer layers of the stones. Most endemic bladder stones appear to originate as aggregates of calcium oxalate crystals in the kidney, which subsequently descend to the bladder, where they may acquire secondary deposits of calcium phosphate, magnesium ammonium phosphate or ammonium acid urate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of Urinary Tract Calculi from Some Developing Countries

Hodgkinson¹

1979

Urol Int

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“…Various data indicate that pyrosphosphates are decreased in stone-formers (73,115,116), although such a decrease has not been found by all investigators (69). The observed difference seems to occur mainly in middle-aged men (73), a group in which stone formation is actually most frequent, and in the patients without hyperca1ciuria (116).…”

Section: Inhibitors In Patients With Urinary Stonesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Inhibitors and Promoters of Stone Formation

Fleisch

1981

Advances in Nephrourology

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“…Bladder calculi were discussed in great detail at a symposium in Bangkok (Von Reen at al; 1972). (13,14) authors reported on the situation in India Pakistan, Thailand, Iran and other countries generally starting that 90% of patients are under the age of 5 (Singh 1972). (15) Socio-economic Status: Socio-economic conditions have long been known to influence.…”

Section: Distribution Of Calculi In the Urinary Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Urine Ph, Hypercalciuria, Urinary Tract Infection and Its Correlation With Stone Composition in Bhopal Region

Damor¹,

Songra²,

Patbamniya³

2015

jemds

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BACKGROUND: This prospective case control study is an attempt to study the importance and significance of urinary pH, urinary tract infection (Urinary Culture) and hypercalciuria and its correlation with stone composition in patients of urolithiasis. METHODS: This prospective cases control study is done at the Department of Surgery, Gandhi Medical College & Associated Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal (M.P.) India from October 2013 to October 2014. We have included 25 healthy persons as control group for the comparison of study group i.e. patients of urolithiasis. RESULTS: Total (43.5%) persons were having stones in upper urinary tract. The mean age (+/-SD) of the study group was 31.5 for the males and 34.5 for the females. In control group it was 30.4 males and 30.2 for the females. The overall ratio of M/F was 1.5:1.0 in stone former (Study group) group and 2.1:1.0 in control group. Most (82.5%) of stone former persons were in lower and middle socioeconomic group. 65.2% persons in stone former group were taking water less than 2 liters per day while in normal control group it was 48%. Milk and milk products consumption was very high in stone formers i.e. 34/46(73.9%). Pain in the flanks is the first symptom of upper urinary tract calculi. Haematuria and burning during micturition were present in 75% and 50% patients respectively. Pain during micturition was in 75% of the stone formers. Urinary pH was mostly acidic in stone formers. The pH of urine in stone formers was 5.40±0.05 whereas in control group it was 6.34±0.08. In our study we found that most of the stones formed in normal acidic urine pH were composed of mainly calcium oxalate as dominant component while in alkaline urine at pH 6 to 8 triple phosphate is the major stone component. Uric acid is mainly present in stones formed in acidic urine. 24 Hours urine volume was significantly low in stone formers (750±156ml) than in normal individuals (1250±250ml). S. Calcium level was also raised marginally i.e. 1.1±0.7mEq/l in 15.8% of the stone formers as compared to normal control group persons. 21.5% of the stone formers had slightly raised serum uric acid levels i.e. 7.7±0.3. Urine culture was positive in 11/46 stone former i.e. 26%. While in normal control, it was 12% person having positive culture of urine. Proteus isolated in 54% cases of Urinary stones diseases at alkaline pH of urine and Klebsiella were isolated in 18% at pH 7-8 and E. coli was isolated at normal pH of 5-6 with all the stones being composed of mainly calcium oxalate. CONCLUSIONS: This prospective study offers better understanding and knowledge of the distribution of urolithiasis condition in this area of Bhopal allowing an estimation of its impact on society and also better planning of various preventing programmes. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE INTRODUCTION:Prevalence of urinary stones is very high in many parts of the World. It is a major health problem, with a significant proportion of the patients requiring extensive surgical procedure and a sizable minority losing a kidney. Urolithia...

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Pediatric bladder stone disease; current status of research

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Composition of Urinary Tract Calculi from Some Developing Countries

Composition of Urinary Tract Calculi from Some Developing Countries

Inhibitors and Promoters of Stone Formation

Study of Urine Ph, Hypercalciuria, Urinary Tract Infection and Its Correlation With Stone Composition in Bhopal Region

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