Pediatric Dyslipidemia in a Minority Mostly-Immigrant Inner City Population

Manuel, Matthias M.; Regalado, Erika; Mochizuki, Miki

doi:10.29024/jsim.30

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…An earlier study found the obesity rate among children and adolescents (3-21 years) to be about 47% in the South Bronx. 3 However, our study presents the prevalence of obesity at age 5, which may explain the relatively lower rate (23%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…to have some of the highest burdens of various medical conditions and a much higher prevalence of obesity (47%) 3 among children and adolescents compared with a national rate of 19.7%. 4 Aside from the significant risk of developing cardiometabolic conditions later in life, the increased prevalence of childhood obesity is associated with comorbidities previously considered "adult" diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and dyslipidemia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 It is estimated that 8.1% of infants and toddlers and 16.9% between the age of 2 to 19 years have a body mass index (BMI) greater than the 85th percentile, 2 making it one of the greatest public health threats in the country. South Bronx, a socially disadvantaged and medically underserved area in New York City, is known to have some of the highest burdens of various medical conditions and a much higher prevalence of obesity (47%) 3 among children and adolescents compared with a national rate of 19.7%. 4 Aside from the significant risk of developing cardiometabolic conditions later in life, the increased prevalence of childhood obesity is associated with comorbidities previously considered “adult” diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and dyslipidemia.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Neonatal Ampicillin/Gentamicin Exposure and the Risk of Childhood Obesity in South Bronx Pediatric Population

Awujoola,

Torga,

Abdul Ghayum

et al. 2023

Am J Perinatol

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Objective This study aimed to assess the association between neonatal antibiotic exposure and the risk of childhood obesity. Study Design This retrospective cohort study enrolled neonates born between 2011 and 2015 and followed up until 5 years. The incidence of obesity at 5 years old, and other characteristics were compared between the antibiotic-exposed and unexposed groups. Chi-square test was conducted on categorical variables and Student's t-test for normally distributed continuous variable. Significant variables (p < 0.05) in bivariate analysis were modelled in a stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis to ascertain independent predictors of obesity at 5 years. Results Of the 1,447 subjects, 749 (51.8%) received ampicillin and gentamicin, and 333 (23%) were obese. Neonates exposed to antibiotics were more likely to be obese compared with those unexposed (26 vs. 20%, p = 0.01). In the adjusted model, this association persisted (adjusted odds ratio: 1.37, p = 0.02). Conclusion Neonatal antibiotic exposure is associated with early childhood obesity and may play a significant role in the weight trajectories of these children. Hence, antibiotic stewardship in this period cannot be overemphasized. Key Points

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Neonatal Ampicillin/Gentamicin Exposure and the Risk of Childhood Obesity in South Bronx Pediatric Population

Awujoola,

Torga,

Abdul Ghayum

et al. 2023

Am J Perinatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Moreso, in South Bronx, a socially disadvantaged and medically underserved area in New York City known to have some of the highest-burden of various medical conditions, a much higher prevalence of obesity (47%) has been reported. (3) Aside from the signi cant risk of developing cardiometabolic conditions later in life, the increased prevalence of childhood obesity is associated with comorbidities previously considered "adult" diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and dyslipidemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Antibiotic Exposure and the Risk of Childhood Obesity in South Bronx Pediatric Population

Awujoola

Torga

Avades

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BACKGROUND Currently, 1 in 3 children in the United States is diagnosed as overweight or obese. The intestinal microbiome is associated with the development of early-onset obesity and chronic inflammatory diseases. Alteration of the gut microbiome through antibiotic exposure has been implicated in weight gain in animal models. However, research on similar effects in humans remained inconclusive, and studies during the critical neonatal period are sparse. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between neonatal antibiotic exposure and the risk of childhood obesity and to evaluate the difference in effect based on the duration of antibiotic exposure. METHODS This retrospective cohort study entailed a chart review for neonates born between 2011 to 2015 and followed up until five years of age in a community hospital in South Bronx, New York. BMI percentile at five years of age and other characteristics were compared between the antibiotic-exposed and unexposed groups. Premature infants (less than 34 weeks) and those with congenital syndromes affecting growth were excluded from the study. A Chi-square test was conducted on categorical variables and a student's T-test for normally distributed continuous variables. Significant variables (p-value less than 0.05) in bivariate analysis were modeled in a stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis to ascertain independent predictors of obesity at five years of age. RESULTS Of the 1447 subjects, 749 (52%) received ampicillin and gentamicin, and 333 (23%) were obese. Male-to-female distribution was similar. Neonates exposed to the antibiotics were more likely to be obese compared to unexposed (26% versus 20%, p-value of 0.01). Following adjustments for early feeding practices, childhood atopy, birth weight, maternal hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and ethnicity, this association persisted (aOR: 1.37, p-value 0.018). There is no significant difference in weight outcome among children who received antibiotics for less than or equal to 72 hours and greater than 72 hours (26.7% versus 23.2%, respectively with a p-value of 0.31). CONCLUSION Neonatal antibiotic exposure is independently associated with early childhood obesity, indicating that antibiotic exposure may play a significant role in the weight trajectory of these children. Hence, antibiotic stewardship in this period cannot be over-emphasized. Given the high incidence of childhood obesity among our cohort (23%) compared to the national average of 13.4% among children 2–5 years of age, augmenting current efforts at reducing traditional obesity risk factors with judicious antibiotic use will reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity and the attendant cardiovascular comorbidity.

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Pediatric Dyslipidemia in a Minority Mostly-Immigrant Inner City Population

Cited by 2 publications

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Neonatal Ampicillin/Gentamicin Exposure and the Risk of Childhood Obesity in South Bronx Pediatric Population

Neonatal Ampicillin/Gentamicin Exposure and the Risk of Childhood Obesity in South Bronx Pediatric Population

Neonatal Antibiotic Exposure and the Risk of Childhood Obesity in South Bronx Pediatric Population

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