Pediatric Erythema Multiforme in the Emergency Department

Read, J.; Keijzers, Gerben

doi:10.1097/pec.0000000000000618

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In adults, HSV has been implicated as the most common aetiology of EM, in up to 70% of cases (8). However, the few studies focusing on paediatric EM report an association with HSV in 0-14% of cases (18,19,21), indicating, in accordance with our findings, that HSV is not a prominent cause of EM in children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…We did not identify other specific viral pathogens as possible triggers for EM; however, more than one-third of patients reported a recent non-specific febrile illness prior to the appearance of EM, which may have been a viral infection. Association with viral illness in children has been previously reported (19,21), but the exact prevalence of the causative viruses in yet unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It is possible that these cases actually represent MIRM. As opposed to SJS, in which medications are a common cause, EM is less associated with medications in adults, as well as in children (17,19,21), although Keller et al (18) found medications, mainly penicillin, to be associated with EM in 46% of cases, especially in children younger than one year of age. It should be noted, again, that the data presented in this latter study should be regarded with caution, as the diagnosis of EM was not confirmed by a dermatologist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paediatric Erythema Multiforme: Epidemiological, Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics

Siedner-Weintraub¹,

Gross²,

David³

et al. 2017

Acta Derm Venerol

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Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated reaction presenting as acrofacial target lesions. Most studies utilize the outdated classification, which includes EM, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis as related entities. We describe here epidemiological, aetiological, clinical, laboratory and treatment characteristics of paediatric EM. This is a retrospective single-centre study, performed between 2000 and 2013. Of 119 children given a diagnosis of EM, only 30 met clinical criteria and were included in this study. Most misdiagnosed cases were non-specific eruptions and urticaria multiforme. Mean age was 11.3 years. Fifty percent had mucosal involvement. An aetiology was observed in half of the patients. Seventy percent of patients were admitted to hospital, 46.7% were treated with systemic steroids. Sixteen percent had recurrent EM. The most common identified infectious agent associated with EM in this study was Mycoplasma pneumonia and the cases associated with this infection may represent the recent entity, mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis. Association with herpes simplex virus was not observed. Despite being a benign, self-limiting condition, children were over-treated in terms of hospitalization and therapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Paediatric Erythema Multiforme: Epidemiological, Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics

Siedner-Weintraub¹,

Gross²,

David³

et al. 2017

Acta Derm Venerol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It was crucial to investigate differential diagnoses as life-threatening conditions such as SJS and possible causative agents such as infections, a well-known trigger in EM. [1][2][3] Although considered different clinical entities, both SJS and EM may be secondary to drugs, so it was prudent to stop possible causative drugs such as beta-lactams. Although EM is a self-limited condition, corticotherapy is suggested in severe cases, decreasing the days and severity of the rash.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%