Pediatric Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (Pseudotumor Cerebri)

Ko, Melissa W.; Liu, Grant T

doi:10.1159/000321180

Cited by 92 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…Interestingly, there is less predilection for obese girls in prepubertal children; however, the rate of obesity and gender predilection in post-pubertal children is similar to that in adult IIH population. 7 In a retrospective study of 12 children with IIH, obesity was noted in 75% of patients and 100% in children above 12 years. 13 Similarly, a retrospective study done in Israel reported no association between obesity and IIH in prepubertal children but their association more pronounced in the pubertal age group which is similar to the adult population with IIH.…”

Section: Role Of Obesity On Iihmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension in the Middle East: A growing concern

Almarzouqi

Morgan

Lee

2015

Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology

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Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) is a disorder of increased intracranial pressure without any identifiable etiology. It is defined by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) with normal neuroimaging and normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contents. IIH typically affects young obese women and produces symptoms and signs related to high ICP. Headache and blurred vision are the most common symptoms, and papilledema is the major clinical sign. In this review we examine the epidemiology and demographic features of IIH in Middle Eastern countries and compare and contrast them with the published IIH literature from Western countries. The incidence of IIH in several Middle East countries has been estimated at 2.02-2.2/100,000 in the general population, which is higher than the Western rate. Obesity is a major risk factor globally and it is associated with an increased risk of severe vision loss due to IIH. There has been an increase in obesity prevalence in the Middle East countries mainly affecting the Gulf Council Countries (GCC), which parallels increased industrial development. This rise may be contributing to the increasing incidence of IIH in these countries. Other risk factors may also be contributing to IIH in Middle East countries and the differences and similarities to Western IIH merit further study.

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Section: Role Of Obesity On Iihmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension in the Middle East: A growing concern

Almarzouqi

Morgan

Lee

2015

Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…It also covers our current knowledge of obesity profiles and markers in IIH. Other recent reviews, including one on pediatric IIH [13] which we published in Hormone Research in Paediatrics in 2010, can provide further scope regarding the multifactorial pathophysiology and treatment options of this disease in adults [14,15] and in children. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Obesity

Andrews

Liu

Ko³

2014

Horm Res Paediatr

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100

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Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), also known as primary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS), is a condition of unknown etiology which affects primarily overweight, reproductive-aged women and causes increased intracranial pressure (ICP). This review discusses the recently revised diagnostic criteria for PTCS for adults and children. Additionally, the role of obesity in the epidemiology, etiology, and management of IIH as well as the current knowledge of obesity profiles and markers in IIH are reviewed. We also highlight the emerging, unifying theory of the neuroendocrine effects on the mineralocorticoid receptor to explain a possible mechanism for the increased cerebrospinal fluid production and ICP in secondary PTCS.

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“…Therefore, to confirm diagnosis, detection of JC virus DNA from the cerebrospinal fluid is required. Pseudotumor cerebri, an idiopathic condition of an elevated intracranial pressure lesion, shows similar symptoms, including headache, nausea, and visual disturbance [58]. This condition may occur at any age in childhood.…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children with kidney diseases

et al. 2011

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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) was originally used to describe a reversible, predominantly posterior leukoencephalopathy in patients who had renal insufficiency, hypertension, or who received immunosuppressive therapy. Since PRES is prevalent in children with kidney diseases, awareness and understanding of it is important for practicing pediatric nephrologists. A comprehensive approach to the diagnosis of PRES includes thorough determination of predisposing factors, clinical symptoms, and mandatory appropriate imaging. Unfortunately, the pathophysiology of PRES is still obscure and specificity of radiological examination has not yet been established. Two major predisposing factors, namely hypertension and calcineurin inhibitors, are well recognized. In addition, nephrotic syndrome is a common underlying condition for development of PRES. Frequent symptoms include altered consciousness (coma, stupor, lethargy, confusion), seizure, headache, and visual disturbance. Most of these symptoms usually develop abruptly and resolve within a few weeks after proper management. Cranial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the first-line modality of imaging studies for detecting PRES. Diffusion-weighted imaging with quantification of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values by ADC mapping may provide more accurate and specific images in the future.

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Pediatric Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (Pseudotumor Cerebri)

Cited by 92 publications

References 141 publications

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension in the Middle East: A growing concern

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension in the Middle East: A growing concern

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Obesity

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children with kidney diseases

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