Pediatric intervertebral disk calcification in childhood: three case reports and review of literature

Lernout, Charlotte; Haas, H.; Rubio, Andres J.; Griffet, J.

doi:10.1007/s00381-009-0869-8

Cited by 31 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Some patients present with fever and increased ESR. [51][52][53] In general, the symptoms are relatively brief, rarely lasting longer than several weeks. 52 Neurologic complications may occur, however, when the calcification herniates through the fibrous annulus, causing nerve root or spinal cord compression.…”

Section: Disk Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…51 Boys seem to be slightly more often affected than girls. 52,53,55 The average age at diagnosis is 7-8 years, with a range of 7 days to 20 years. 51,53,56 Disk calcification in children can be seen as part of a syndrome or disease, such as Morquio syndrome, I cell disease, Patau syndrome, congenital or acquired vertebral fusion, hyperparathyroidism and other hypercalcemic states, osteomyelitis, tuberculosis, and diskitis.…”

Section: Disk Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…52,53,55 The average age at diagnosis is 7-8 years, with a range of 7 days to 20 years. 51,53,56 Disk calcification in children can be seen as part of a syndrome or disease, such as Morquio syndrome, I cell disease, Patau syndrome, congenital or acquired vertebral fusion, hyperparathyroidism and other hypercalcemic states, osteomyelitis, tuberculosis, and diskitis. 56 Disk calcification, while often difficult to identify, is usually seen on plain film or CT as an attenuated, round, oval, flattened, or fragmented calcification in the nucleus pulposus ( Fig 6).…”

Section: Disk Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging of Back Pain in Children

Rodriguez¹,

Poussaint²

2009

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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SUMMARY:While back pain presents less frequently in children than in adults, it still poses a significant clinical challenge with respect to making a firm diagnosis and developing an effective treatment plan. When children have back pain and medical attention is sought, an underlying pathology is usually suspected. Pediatric patients are evaluated, first, with a complete clinical history and examination and, second, by an imaging work-up that is based on initial findings, including the child's age and size, signs and symptoms, and suspected etiology. This article describes 1) the epidemiology of back pain in children, 2) the imaging work-up used, and 3) the correlation of imaging findings with disease entities that may cause back pain in the pediatric patient. The list of diseases giving rise to back pain is not meant to be exhaustive but rather reflective of the most commonly identified pathologies and disorders among young children and adolescents, from athletic injuries to lethal cancers.ABBREVIATIONS: ALARA ϭ as low as reasonably achievable; ESR ϭ erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FSE ϭ fast spin-echo; 18 F ϭ fluorine 18; LCH ϭ Langerhans cell histiocytosis; LDH ϭ lactate dehydrogenase; MBP ϭ mechanical back pain; PET ϭ positron-emission tomography; RFA ϭ radio-frequency ablation, SPECT ϭ single-photon emission computed tomography; STIR ϭ short tau inversion recovery; 99m Tc-MDP ϭ technetium 99m methylene diphosphonate; WHO ϭ World Health Organization B ack pain in children presents less frequently than in adults. The incidence of back pain in adults has been estimated to be as high as 60%-80% 1 ; the actual incidence of back pain in children, however, is unknown. Back pain in children presenting to the emergency department was originally thought to be an uncommon complaint, 2 reflecting significant underlying pathology compared with adults. Although recent studies have shown an increased prevalence of back pain in children, [3][4][5][6][7] relatively few patients receive medical attention.

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Section: Disk Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disk Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disk Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging of Back Pain in Children

Rodriguez¹,

Poussaint²

2009

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…Since the first case was reported in 1924, 4) approximately 400 cases have been reported in the age range of 0-20 years. 5,7,23) The etiology remains unclear, though various hypotheses, such as inflammatory mechanisms and trauma, have been proposed. 5,7,23) Aging is associated with decreases in cervical range of motion of approximately 59per decade.…”

Section: H Ikeda Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,7,23) The etiology remains unclear, though various hypotheses, such as inflammatory mechanisms and trauma, have been proposed. 5,7,23) Aging is associated with decreases in cervical range of motion of approximately 59per decade. 8,31) Cervical disc degenerative change with aging is also associated with the reduced cervical range of motion.…”

Section: H Ikeda Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontraumatic Cervical Disc Herniation in a 21-Year-Old Patient With No Other Underlying Disease

Ikeda

Hanakita

Takahashi

et al. 2012

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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A 21-year-old woman presented with cervical myelopathy due to nontraumatic cervical disc herniation associated with cervical canal stenosis. The patient underwent removal of the herniated disc and anterior fusion with an autogenous iliac crest bone graft. After surgery, the patient showed satisfactory improvement. Cases of cervical disc herniation in our center and reported cases without cervical trauma in either young adults or in childhood were reviewed retrospectively. We discuss the pathogenesis of cervical disc herniation in our young patient in the context of these other cases. Cervical disc herniation rarely occurs before the age of 30 years. A history of cervical trauma and preexisting fusion of the cervical spine are risk factors for cervical disc herniation. The present case is the youngest known of nontraumatic disc herniation without other underlying disease. Hypermobility due to neck cracking and a relatively narrow spinal canal might have been important in causing cervical myelopathy by disc herniation.

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The Spine: Acquired Disorders

Wootton‐Gorges¹

2014

Pediatric Orthopedic Imaging

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The chapter begins with the discussion of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis, including a section describing various methods for imaging these conditions. Intervertebral disc disease follows, with discussion of intervertebral calcifi cation and disc prolapse. Spinal trauma is addressed, along with infl ammatory and neoplastic destructive vertebral lesions. The last section of the chapter covers salient features of tumors that occur in the spine, including osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, aneurysmal bone cyst, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and osteochondroma.The pediatric spine is affected by a variety of processes that are unique to children or that manifest in children in unusual ways. Spondylolysis represents a response to chronic stress injury and may lead to spondylolisthesis, wherein one vertebra slips forward on the subjacent vertebra. Spine fractures in young children differ greatly from those in adults and are especially common in the upper cervical spine. Discitis, an uncommon idiopathic infl ammatory process, is essentially limited to children, whereas disc herniation and spine infection in children resemble these processes in adults. Several bone tumors, such as osteoid osteoma/osteoblastoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and osteochondroma have unique appearances in the spine. (Infl ammatory,

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Pediatric intervertebral disk calcification in childhood: three case reports and review of literature

Cited by 31 publications

References 10 publications

Imaging of Back Pain in Children

Imaging of Back Pain in Children

Nontraumatic Cervical Disc Herniation in a 21-Year-Old Patient With No Other Underlying Disease

The Spine: Acquired Disorders

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