Pediatric nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Better prognosis and increased c‐Kit expression as compared to adults

Bar-Sela, Gil; Arush, Myriam Weyl Ben; Sabo, Edmond; Kuten, Abraham; Minkov, Ira; Ben‐Izhak, Ofer

doi:10.1002/pbc.20264

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Similar findings have also been shown by other authors in neuroblastomas [9], nasopharyngeal carcinomas [20] and multiple myeloma [21]. These authors reported that the expression of c-KIT and a better prognosis is an “unexpected” finding since, in several tumor types, c-KIT is associated with malignancy [9] as a result of constitutively turned on tyrosine kinase and, in the case of both expression of c-KIT and its ligand SCF, as a result of self-support from an autocrine tumor growth feedback loop [9,19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Coexpression of c-KIT and its ligand in small-cell lung cancer, for example, appears to result in an autocrine growth loop sustaining tumor cell proliferation [9,19]. On the other hand, a markedly better outcome has already been demonstrated in tumors that expressed c-KIT compared with those that did not, such as neuroblastomas [9], nasopharyngeal carcinomas [20] and multiple myeloma [21]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prognostic significance of c-KIT in vulvar cancer: bringing this molecular marker from bench to bedside

et al. 2012

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BackgroundVulvar carcinomas are rare tumors, and there is limited data regarding molecular alterations. To our knowledge there are no published studies on c-KIT and squamous cell carcinomas of the vulva (VSCC). Although there are a significant number of other tumor types which express c-KIT, there remains controversy as to its relationship to patient outcome. Thus, we wished to investigate such controversial findings to determine the prognostic importance of c-KIT by evaluating its protein and mRNA expression in VSCCs, correlating these findings with clinicopathological features and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection.Methodsc-KIT expression was scored by immunohistochemistry (IHC) as positive or negative in 139 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cases of vulvar carcinomas arrayed in a tissue microarray (TMA) using the DAKO® A4502 rabbit polyclonal c-KIT antibody (diluted 1:100). c-KIT mRNA was evaluated by qRT-PCR in 34 frozen samples from AC Camargo Hospital Biobank (17 tumoral and 17 non-tumoral samples) using TaqMan probes–Applied Biosystems [Hs00174029_m1]. HPV genotyping was assessed in 103 samples using Linear Array® HPV Genotyping Test kit (Roche Molecular Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland). All results obtained were correlated with clinical and pathological data of the patients.Resultsc-KIT protein was positive by immunohistochemistry in 70.5% of the cases and this was associated with a higher global survival (p = 0.007), a higher recurrence-free survival (p < 0.0001), an absence of associated lesions (p = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0053), and HPV infection (p = 0.034). Furthermore, c-KIT mRNA quantitation revealed higher levels of transcripts in normal samples compared to tumor samples (p = 0,0009).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that those vulvar tumors staining positively for c-KIT present better prognosis. Thus, positivity of c-KIT as evaluated by IHC may be a good predictor for use of more conservative surgery techniques and lymph node dissection in vulvar cancer. So part of the essence of our study is to see the possibility of translating our current results from the bench to the bedside. This will help provide patients a more appropriate, less mutilating treatment, in order to keep the maximum physical and psychic quality as possible to these women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic significance of c-KIT in vulvar cancer: bringing this molecular marker from bench to bedside

et al. 2012

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“…EBERs positive nuclear staining was detected in all cases. This is in accordance with other series in the literature which reported 100% positivity in children when compared to adults [34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

The incidence of Epstein–Barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma of Jordanian patients

Matalka

Hamad

Al-Hussaini

et al. 2011

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in patients diagnosed with undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (UNPC) from the Northern Province of Jordan. All cases diagnosed with UNPC at King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid, Jordan, between the years 1991 and 2009 inclusive were examined. Clinical data including age, gender, mode of presentation, site of biopsy were retrieved from pathology reports. In situ hybridization for (EBV)--EBERs was performed on cases with available paraffin blocks. Correlation between the different clinical variables and results of in situ hybridization was performed. There were 49 cases diagnosed with UNPC, only 39 specimens were available and studied. The median age of presentation was 41 years (range 9-70 years). Bimodal age distribution was noted, the first peak between 15 and 19 years of age and second between 60 and 64 years of age. Males were slightly more commonly affected than females. Cervical lymph node enlargement was the most common mode of presentation, followed by nasal obstruction. Biopsies were obtained primarily from the posterior nasal space, followed by cervical lymph node. Positive staining for EBERs by in situ hybridization was seen in 92.3% of the cases examined. There was no difference in detection rate between males and females or adults and pediatrics. All cases obtained from posterior nasal space were positive. The three negative cases were from biopsies obtained from cervical lymph nodes, which was statistically significant (P value <0.05). Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Jordan is seen in both children and adults. It is associated with EBV infection in most, but not all cases. Posterior nasal space shows a more consistent staining for EBERs than cervical lymph nodes. The presence of other association with UNPC including cigarette smoking could possibly explain the cases with negative association.

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“…Previous studies have shown that juvenile patients with metastatic NPC achieved greater cure rates than adults, suggesting a more chemosensitive disease (2,3). A recent biomarker study also revealed that juvenile tumors had greater c-Kit protein expression than did the adult variant, and c-Kit positivity was associated with better survival (12). Additional basic laboratory investigations such as global gene and protein expression profiling will help to elucidate the pathogenesis, behavior, and treatment response for jNPC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In addition, jNPC is most often found as an undifferentiated histologic type (World Health Organization Type III), and patients present with greater rates of nodal metastases (2,10). Reports have also suggested that juveniles have better overall prognoses than adults (11,12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparison of Treatment Results Between Adult and Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Downing

Wolden

Wong

et al. 2009

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics

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Pediatric nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Better prognosis and increased c‐Kit expression as compared to adults

Cited by 28 publications

References 33 publications

Prognostic significance of c-KIT in vulvar cancer: bringing this molecular marker from bench to bedside

Prognostic significance of c-KIT in vulvar cancer: bringing this molecular marker from bench to bedside

The incidence of Epstein–Barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma of Jordanian patients

Comparison of Treatment Results Between Adult and Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

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