Pediatric sellar tumors: diagnostic procedures and management

Abstract

<jats:p>The diagnosis and management of pediatric sellar lesions is discussed in this paper. Craniopharyngiomas account for the majority of pediatric sellar masses, and pituitary adenomas are extremely uncommon during childhood. The diagnosis of sellar lesions involves a multidisciplinary effort, and detailed endocrinological, ophthalmological, and neurological testing is critical in the evaluation of a new sellar mass. The management of pituitary adenomas varies depending on the entity. For most tumors other than prolactinomas, transsphenoidal resection remains the mainstay of treatment. Less invasive methods, such as endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery and stereotactic radiosurgery, have shown promise as primary and adjuvant treatment modalities, respectively.</jats:p>

Visual Field Defects; The Comparison Before and After Excision of Sella Supra Sellar Tumors by Performing the Pre and Post-Op Computerized Perimetry

“…19,20 Another similar study from Kenya by Githinji KJ et al witnessed female preponderance with (60.0%) proportion in their study. 21 These findings of gender distribution are comparable with our study results where we also found female in majority, however, there is no direct or indirect variation of gender's association with pituitary and sella suprasellar tumors as these can present equally in any segments of population.…”

Comparison of 3D Volumetric Subtraction Technique and 2D Dynamic Contrast Enhancement Technique in the Evaluation of Contrast Enhancement for Diagnosing Cushing's Disease

“…ACTH-secreting adenomas have the tendency to be microadenomas that are intrasellar in location (29,30). The success of surgery in Cushing's disease largely relies on precisely locating the tumor within the sella turcica (31).…”

Pediatric symptomatic Rathke cleft cyst compared with cystic craniopharyngioma

“…The mean age of these patients was 12.2 years (range, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Of the 15 patients with CP that were reviewed, 8 were male and 7 were female.…”

“…The most common clinical symptoms associated with RCCs are headache, impaired visual function, and endocrinological insufficiency [7,8]. RCCs can also cause delayed or precocious puberty, amenorrhea/galactorrhea, growth retardation, weight gain, and hypogonadism [9][10][11]. As the peak age of patients presenting with RCCs symptoms is typically between 30 and 50 years, it is unusual to detect RCCs by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in asymptomatic children [7,12,13].…”

“…The gonadotropin axis was damaged in a majority (9) of the patients with CP preoperatively. Postoperative evaluation revealed deficits in 5 axes in 14 patients with CP, which is a significantly different trend than observed in patients with RCC.…”