“…It remains the only proven means of alleviating the tongue base level airway obstruction. Without tracheotomy, these patients are likely to have progressive upper airway obstruction, obstructive sleep apnea with pulmonary hypertension, cor pul- 17 Pediatric tracheotomy-specific mortality rates have decreased to 0% to 3.4%. 1,2,[18][19][20] Despite these improvements, the risks associated with tracheotomy, such as subglottic stenosis, airway obstruction, granulation tissue, bleeding, and death, must be considered and discussed with the families.…”