Pediatric Tuberculosis Characteristic in West Nusa Tenggara Regional General Hospital During COVID-19 Pandemic 2019-2021

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) infection is still an important health problem worldwide, especially in children. The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the priority of healthcare including TB services. Many health services reported a significant decrease in TB detection, notification, treatment and prevention due to COVID-19 policies. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine the characteristics of pediatric TB patients in West Nusa Tenggara Province General Hospital during COVID-19 pandemic. This study was a retrospective study using registry data from the Pediatric Respirology Division, Department of Child Health, West Nusa Tenggara Province General Hospital from March 2019 to December 2021. Of 225 children with TB disease, there were 66.2% outpatient and 33.8% inpatient. Thirty point seven percents (69/225) were in ages group 5 to 11 years old and mostly were males (69.8%). West Lombok Regency was the district with highest number of subjects (37.3%). Majority of subjects were visited in March-December 2019, nearly before pandemic. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test for TB were performed in 172 (76.5%) subjects and showed positive result in 22/172 (9.8%). Most of them were pulmonary TB (72.9%) and 9.8% bacteriologically confirmed. Only 4 (1.8%) of children were died. Pulmonary TB is the most common TB disease among pediatric TB patients in this study. During study period, the number of hospital visit was decreased due to COVID-19 policies. This findings can guided healthcare providers to improve detection, treatment and prevention of TB disease post COVID-19 pandemic.