Pedogenic calcite accumulation in arid and semi-arid regions of the indo-gangetic alluvial plain of erstwhile punjab (india) — Their morphology and origin

Sehgal, J.; Stoops, Georges

doi:10.1016/0016-7061(72)90032-8

Cited by 114 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Ca1cretes fo nned in the longer drier periods. Other evidence of seasonality lies in the micromorphological features of the soils, e.g., the presence of different types of desiccation cracks, ferruginous nodules, Pe-oxide void coatings, mottled zones (McCarthy and Plint, 1998;McCarthy et aI., 1998) and the concentric laminae of iron oxidesJhydroxides alternating with calcitic laminae (Sehgal and Stoops, 1972;Sarkar, 1988).…”

Section: Climate and Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reworked calcretes: their significance in the reconstruction of alluvial sequences (Permian and Triassic, Minorca, Balearic Islands, Spain)

Gómez‐Gras

Alonso-Zarza

2003

Sedimentary Geology

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The Pelmian and Triassic of Minorca (Balearic Islands) consists of a 670-m-thick, red, alluvial succession that includes in situ calcrete profiles and reworked calcrete material. In the Permian succession, the calcretes vary from laminar forms developed on the Carboniferous basement to weakly developed nodular calcretes in fluvial sediments. The palaeosols in the Triassic are mostly dolomitic, and the profiles reach up to Stage III of soil development (Spec. Pap.-Geol. Surv. Am. 203, (1995) 1). The clasts, fOlmed through reworking of the palaeosol profiles, are about 0. 5-10 cm across and include mosaics of calcite/dolomite crystals, brecciated clasts, rhizolith fragments, and aggregates of clay and/or silt. These clasts appear in three different types of deposits. Type 1 cOlTesponds to lenticular bodies that fill small scour surfaces, and consists only of intraformational conglomerates. These deposits are interpreted as ephemeral channels and sheet-floods that represent the interfluvial drainage systems that captured only the precipitation falling on the alluvial plain. Type 2 includes sand dune 3-D bodies with flat bottoms and convex tops. These bodies are about 20 cm high and 2 m wide, and were formed by floodwaters that flowed down the levees of the major streams. Type 3 channel deposits contain reworked calcretes and extrabasinal clasts, which overlie erosive surfaces and are found in layers within cross-bedded sandstones and conglomerates. These are interpreted as channel-floor lag deposits of major channels that entered from distant uplands and drained the alluvial plain.Variations in the aggradation rates of the floodplain resulted in five different infill stages. In the lowstand to early transgressive interval, as in stages I (PI) and IV (B I), the fluvial deposits filled palaeovalleys; calcretes and reworked calcrete deposits were of difficult formation (apart from ten'aces) and preservation. Accommodation space was at its greatest in the transgressive, stages II (P2) and V (B2). This caused the greatest aggradation of the floodplains, which are formed of thick sequences of fine-grained sediments, isolated meandering channels, weakly developed calcretes (compound) and reworked calcrete deposits, mostly of types 1 and 2. The density of channels notably increased in stage III (P3), highstand interval, because of the reduction of accommodation space, this could favour the formation of composite or even cumulative palaeosols, but of difficult preservation. Reworked calcrete deposits are mostly of type 3, but types 1 and 2 are also recognised. The reworked calcrete deposits are an important pati of the Permian and Triassic * Corresponding author. Fax: +34-93-581-1263. E-mail address: David.Gomez@uab.es (D. G6mez-Gras).fluvial sediments and their occurrence and characteristics are important in order to interpret the infill of terrestrial basins and the construction of floodplains.

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Section: Climate and Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reworked calcretes: their significance in the reconstruction of alluvial sequences (Permian and Triassic, Minorca, Balearic Islands, Spain)

Gómez‐Gras

Alonso-Zarza

2003

Sedimentary Geology

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“…As only one generation of well crystallized micritic fabric and cementation is present, it is suggested that the enrichment and accumulation of CaCO, has taken place within a specific kind of microenvironment in an arid to semiarid environment. Further stages of development can be explained by the process of dissolution, reprecipitation, recementation, and accretion, as suggested by Sehgal and Stoops (1972). As the accumulation of CaC0, increases, the porosity within the sediment decreases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Genesis of calcretes from the calc‐pan site of Singi Talav near Didwana, Rajasthan, India—A micromorphological approach

1991

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Chemistry and micromorphological studies of calcretes occurring in the interdunal calcpan site of Singi Talav, near Didwana, Rajasthan, India are presented in this paper. These analyses reveal that the calcretes are formed by a process of reprecipitation and recementation. They are pedo-sedimentary and are also affected by groundwater during origin. A geomorphic model for explaining the evolution of the calc-pan site is suggested.

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“…Measurements of pH were made on aqueous slurries of the fine fraction, using an electronic pH meter. Effervescence categories after Birkeland (1999); carbonate stages after Sehgal and Stoops (1972). Weathering observations were made in the field on the strength of changes in hue (10 YR to 7.5 YR, field dry).…”

Section: Laboratory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sediments and soils were described in the field following the criteria of Soil Survey Staff (1996) and Birkeland (1999) for pedogenic components and NACSN (1983) to characterize sediment properties (i.e., bedding and stratification). Determinations of pedogenic carbonate morphology were made in the field following standard classifications in non-gravelly parent material, utilizing both the effervescence index and carbonate stage morphology (Sehgal and Stoops, 1972;Birkeland, 1999). Table II summarizes the stratigraphic observations at the 5 m high exposure at Qal'at al-Hasa.…”

Section: Field Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reassessment of the holocene stratigraphy of the Wadi Hasa Terrace and Hasa formation, Jordan

Schuldenrein

2007

Geoarchaeology

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Vita-Finzi's 1960s model for Mediterranean terrace evolution was once the basis for regional valley histories across much of the Levant. A revisit to the Hasa terrace, formerly considered Early to Middle Holocene in age, resulted in a revised chronostratigraphy. Sedimentological and geochemical analyses bolstered by radiocarbon dating indicate that valley floor construction began shortly after the end of the Middle Holocene, at least 2000 years later than initially proposed. An updated model for floodplain evolution proposes three discrete phases of accretion and alluvial plain formation. A weak cambic soil overprints the alluvium and suggests slightly moister climates than at present for much of the Late Holocene. This model is in accord with settlement data. Intensified uplands agropastoralism accelerated the erosion of slope soils that were recycled and deposited as alluvium across the valley floor. The valley floor sequences of the Hasa are analogous to alluvial chronologies for neighboring wadis of the eastern Jordan Rift and can be tied to key Middle and Late Holocene geomorphic events in the Dead Sea and the southwestern Levant. The data strongly indicate that alluvial fill histories after 1800 cal B.C. were anthropogenically driven, whereas Middle Holocene landscape changes were climatically and structurally triggered.

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Pedogenic calcite accumulation in arid and semi-arid regions of the indo-gangetic alluvial plain of erstwhile punjab (india) — Their morphology and origin

Cited by 114 publications

References 4 publications

Reworked calcretes: their significance in the reconstruction of alluvial sequences (Permian and Triassic, Minorca, Balearic Islands, Spain)

Reworked calcretes: their significance in the reconstruction of alluvial sequences (Permian and Triassic, Minorca, Balearic Islands, Spain)

Genesis of calcretes from the calc‐pan site of Singi Talav near Didwana, Rajasthan, India—A micromorphological approach

A Reassessment of the holocene stratigraphy of the Wadi Hasa Terrace and Hasa formation, Jordan

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