Pedometer Step Counts Predict Cardiac Risk Factors at Entry to Cardiac Rehabilitation

Abstract

Daily steps taken by patients during the first week of phase II CR are quite low. Despite the low step counts, significant correlations between steps taken and CRF were found including fitness, centrally distributed adiposity, and HDL-C. Our results suggest that, even early after a coronary event, higher levels of walking are favorably related to CRF.

Expected values for steps/day in special populations

“…Two studies (Crowther et al, 2007;Houghton et al, 2002) reported mean steps/week and it was necessary to divide the output by 7 in order to derive mean steps/day for comparison purposes. It is important to note that two of the studies (Ayabe et al, 2008;Savage and Ades, 2008) captured steps/day in patients actively engaged in a cardiac rehabilitation program and another reported steps/day in patients who continued to exercise post cardiac rehabilitation (Izawa et al, 2004). The overall median value for habitual steps/day using waist-mounted instruments was 4684 steps/day (Table 1).…”

“…Heart and vascular diseases (Table 1) Ten studies reporting expected values for habitual steps/day using waist-mounted instruments were identified representing populations described as living with chronic heart failure (Houghton et al, 2002), coronary artery disease (VanWormer et al, 2004), myocardial infarction/cardiac rehabilitation (Ayabe et al, 2008;Izawa et al, 2004;Savage and Ades, 2008), peripheral arterial disease (Crowther et al, 2007) and/ or intermittent claudication (Nasr et al, 2002), hypertension (Hyman et al, 2007;Iwane et al, 2000), and post-stroke (Katoh et al, 2002). Two studies (Crowther et al, 2007;Houghton et al, 2002) reported mean steps/week and it was necessary to divide the output by 7 in order to derive mean steps/day for comparison purposes.…”

Assessment of Physical Activity by Wearable Technology During Rehabilitation After Cardiac Surgery: Explorative Prospective Monocentric Observational Cohort Study (Preprint)

“…Physical activity counselling (by use of wearable activity monitoring) has been shown to improve healthy lifestyles [21][22][23]. Savage et al found significant correlations between daily number of steps in the first weeks of Phase II CR and cardiovascular risk factors [24].…”

Long-term effects of cardiac rehabilitation in elderly individuals with stable coronary artery disease

“…Individuals entering outpatient (phase II) cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs are mostly sedentary [4] and have 20-30% lower VO 2peak [5][6][7] compared to age-and gender-matched healthy individuals [8].…”