Peeling model for cell detachment

Abstract

In many experimental situations, the adhesion of cells to solid substrates is due to non-covalent chemical bonds. It is the thesis of this paper that many phenomena occurring in cell detachment experiments, such as in I (E. Decavé, G. Garriver, Y. Brechet, B. Fourcade, F. Bruckert, Biophys. J. 82, 2383 (2002)), result from the static and dynamic properties of the adhesive bridges at the extreme margin of the cell. This region defines the adhesive belt where the distribution of connected bonds crosses over to zero where the membrane leaves the substrate. The theoretical model we introduce in this paper discusses the threshold force together with the peeling velocity in the same theoretical framework. In this one-dimensional model, the threshold force results from a non-homogeneous distribution of anchor proteins along the membrane so that the adhesive belt increases its capacity to resist motion with increasing the external force. Analyzing the kinetics of the the contact line motion, we derive the characteristic relationship speed versus external force and we describe the non-equilibrium state of the adhesive belt as a function of the speed. We discuss our model in view of the experimental results obtained with D. discoideum for hydrodynamic shear experiments. Our results could be also confronted to single-cell observations.

Shear flow-induced motility ofDictyostelium discoideumcells on solid substrate

“…Below the threshold, the front velocity vf adjusts to the peeling velocity vr and, above the threshold, the peeling velocity has to overcome a limited front velocity. This slightly modifies the expression of the detachment rate, a posteriori justifying the use of this peeling model to describe living cell detachment (Garrivier et al, 2002). Detachment of living motile cells is nevertheless intrinsically different from that of passive objects, in the sense that it is not due to the rupture of a static equilibrium but to the unbalance between two dynamic phenomena.…”

“…More precisely, we observed that, for CIPCtreated cells, detachment corresponds to a transition between immobility of the cell-substrate contact area and irreversible peeling. The limit force and the relationship between the peeling velocity and the force are described by a passive model of the cell edge under tension that has been described elsewhere (Decave et al, 2002a;Garrivier et al, 2002). The speed of the front edge velocity during the fast cell-substrate area bursts (vp=0.40 µm second -1 ) obviously sets a limit to cell attachment under flow.…”

“…By contrast, the detachment rate constant is strongly affected by the presence of an intact actin cytoskeleton and by the cell-substrate adhesion energy. Part of these results was interpreted within an adhesive belt model describing the passive behavior of the cell edge under external or internal forces (Garrivier et al, 2002). This model predicts that, below a threshold, the cell edge will not move and that, above it, the membrane will be peeled of the substrate at a constant velocity.…”

Rate Dependent Adhesion Energy and Nonsteady Peeling of Inextensible Tapes

“…Peeling is an important and ubiquitous process in biology and engineering [1][2][3][4][5][6]. For a nominally inextensible film, the peel strength is controlled by the peel angle and the adhesion energy of the film attached to the substrate [7].…”

Estimation of stresses required for exfoliation of clay particles in polymer nanocomposites

“…Steven-Fountain et al [20] used a similar approach to explain the effect of a flexible substrate on pressure-sensitive adhesive performance. Garrivier et al [21] presented a peeling model for cell detachment from cytoplasmic membranes, using the analogy of adhesion and fracture. Ciccotti et al [22] modeled the complex dynamics of peeling adhesive tape as two-dimensional fracture propagation.…”