Peer Effects and Youth Smoking in the European Global Youth Tobacco Survey

Nikaj, Silda

doi:10.1515/revecp-2017-0012

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Model II, referring to the estimates that show greater chances of being in classes with smokers, shows that the impact is positive for smoking behavior. This impact on smoking behavior corroborates that found in Gaviria andRaphael (2001), McVicar (2001) and Nikaj (2017), both studies on peer effects at the class level.…”

Section: 3-discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Peer smoking among brazilian adolescents: are the effects of social interaction in school classes relevant?

Júnior¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This research aims to analyze how smoking among young Brazilians is influenced or not by the effects of peers at the level of school classes (colleagues), weighted by individual characteristics, contextual to individuals and institutions in the school households surveyed. The contribution of this study is to fill an existing gap in the Brazilian literature, where the existence of drug use pairs in general is still little explored by empirical academic research in the area of health and social economy. The analytical and econometric approach taken here aggregates issues related to non-linear models of consumption choices and lagged social interaction effects, where the issue of causality is resolved with such empirical modeling. Using individual-level data from the 2012 and 2015 of Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar, estimates were performed using a multinomial logit model and an additional series of models were estimated by inputting control variables, adolescent family background, effects of year and region to mitigate the biases of the social interaction effects of school classes, in addition to the temporal effect for the year 2012. The results found showed that increasing the proportion of peers in a smoking room increases the relative risks of be an occasional and regular user, for the model with all variables (RRR=2,501; 2,064); while for the lagged pair effect, the relative risks of being an occasional smoker decrease in the 2015 period (RRR=0.614; 0.493). The estimation of the various econometric models, where the other regressors are added gradually, showed a reduction in the relative risks of smoking occasionally and regularly, albeit in a discrete way and still being statistically significant to fully explain smoking. Keywords: Peer effects. Smoking. Health adolescents. Pseudo-panel. Social econometrics

show abstract

Section: 3-discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Peer smoking among brazilian adolescents: are the effects of social interaction in school classes relevant?

Júnior¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, a longitudinal study found that peer effects are important determinants of adolescent smoking behavior even after controlling for potential biases in the data 18 . According to a study conducted in 10 nations, peer smoking increases the probability of adolescent smoking by 3% to 6.9% 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to social learning theory 9 , the mere perception of the smoking behavior of role models in the social environment can promote adolescents to mirror these behaviors. During adolescence, two key groups in the socialization environment are teachers and peers [10][11][12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social determinants of smoking among school adolescents in Beijing, China

Cheng¹,

Guo*²,

Jin³

2022

Tob. Induc. Dis.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

INTRODUCTION Understanding the social determinants that influence adolescent smoking behavior has a meaningful impact on adolescent health. Few studies have simultaneously analyzed the impact of teacher smoking and peer smoking on adolescent smoking. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the impact of teacher smoking, peer smoking, and other social factors, on adolescent smoking. METHODS The participants were drawn from schools in Beijing, China, in 2011, 2013, and 2015, using a multi-stage random group sampling method. The number of schools selected for each year was 160. The study participants were 57240 adolescents aged 8–19 years. The generalized linear model with a binomial distribution and logarithmic link function was used to estimate the influence of social determinants on adolescent smoking behavior. RESULTS The results show that both teacher smoking and peer smoking were significantly associated with adolescent smoking. Compared to adolescents whose teachers did not smoke, the prevalence ratio (PR) was 1.28 for adolescents with one teacher who smoked and 1.34 for adolescents with two or more teachers who smoked (95% CI: 1.16–1.41/1.23–1.46, p<0.001/0.001, respectively). Compared to adolescents whose peers did not smoke, the prevalence ratio (PR) was 3.73 for adolescents with one peer who smoked and 8.52 for adolescents with two or more peers who smoked (95% CI: 3.20–4.35/7.48–9.69, p<0.001/0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Teacher smoking and peer smoking are significant social determinants of adolescent smoking. Prevention programs should concurrently target peer groups, school settings, and individual students.

show abstract

“…Because individuals raised in the same family share similar environments and genetics that influence the production of hard skills like ability and soft skills such as personality, the use of within-family models would mitigate the bias from traditional comparisons of smokers to nonsmokers. This research design is useful especially since a recent work on smoking initiation suggests that peers might play a role (Nikaj, 2017). More specifically, the use of within-family variation addresses these concerns of omitted variable bias because unobservable attributes are smaller within families than outside of families.…”

Section: Sibling By Year Identification Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Earning Losses of Smokers

Bhai

2020

IZA Journal of Labor Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using within-family variation from twins and siblings, I find that smokers earn approximately 16% less than nonsmokers. Possible explanations for this earning difference are addiction-related productivity declines and earning reductions from higher health insurance costs. To investigate further, I use variation in the provision of employer-supplied health insurance (ESHI) to examine the mechanism of whether the addiction or insurance component has a larger influence on earnings. While I generally observe a larger earning penalty for smokers with ESHI than smokers without ESHI, the earning difference is statistically indistinguishable from zero.

show abstract

Peer Effects and Youth Smoking in the European Global Youth Tobacco Survey

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Peer smoking among brazilian adolescents: are the effects of social interaction in school classes relevant?

Peer smoking among brazilian adolescents: are the effects of social interaction in school classes relevant?

Social determinants of smoking among school adolescents in Beijing, China

The Earning Losses of Smokers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About