Peer Reviewed: Nanoparticle Detection Technology for Chemical Analysis.

Post-column addition as a method of controlling triacylglycerol response coefficient of an evaporative light scattering detector in liquid chromatography–evaporative light-scattering detection

“…As a consequence, condensation nucleation light-scattering detection (CNLSD) leads to a direct linearity response, particularly when using an additional diffusion screen which selects particles according to their size [9,10]. Recent studies have also shown a response enhancement for ELSD on adding triethylamine and formic acid to the mobile phase [11][12][13] or a response decrease using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) instead of TFA-NH 4 OH [14].…”

Deterniillation of Ammonium in Aqueous Samples by Gas Phase Light Scattering Using Hydrogen Chloride Gas as a Derivatizing Reagent Followed by Nondispersive Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry

“…The particular mechanism depends on the ratio of the particle diameter to the wavelength: Raleigh scattering (ratio <0.1), Mie scattering (0.1< ratio <10), and reflection-refraction (ratio >10). [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] When the incident wavelength was fixed, the particle sizes depended on the concentration of ammonium and the carrier gas flow rate. …”

“…These results indicate that the mechanism over the 20 -260 μg mass range of analyte should be reflection-refraction. 22,23 Hence, samples with high ammonium levels could be directly analyzed using low PMT gain without dilution.…”

“…[13][14][15] In the 1970s, the evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) was developed as a type of HPLC detector. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] The evaporative light scattering detector is a universal detector and its response is a function of the mass of solute particles, regardless of their chemical identities. At present, light scattering techniques mainly operate in the visible region and a laser or high intensity light resource is usually used.…”

Aerosol-based detectors for liquid chromatography

“…The first application of a commercial CNLSD detector (nano quantity analyte detector, NQAD) was published in 2009 [62]. Koropchak et al discussed fundamentals and applications of CNLSD in depth [5,63]. However, some new developments in instrumentation design have since been implemented and will be discussed herein, as will advances in understanding of aerosol condensation nucleation.…”