“…In the school environment, alienated students tend to devalue school activities or consider themselves incapable of engaging in school activities (Trusty and Dooley-Dickey, 1993;Brown, 2004). Additionally, SA is associated with manifold adverse consequences for individuals, classrooms, schools, and societies, which is manifested in behavioral disengagement from learning, deviant behavior, problematic educational trajectories, school drop-out, and high risks of incomplete basic education (e.g., Archambault et al, 2009;Sutherland, 2011;Studsrød and Bru, 2012;Avci and Çelikkaleli, 2016). All these taken into account, it is necessary to examine the factors leading to alienation from school.…”