Pelvic radiograph in skeletal dysplasias: An approach

Jana, Manisha; Nair, Nikhil; Gupta, Arun Kumar; Kabra, Madhulika; Gupta, Neerja

doi:10.4103/ijri.ijri_367_16

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, the effectiveness of ultrasonic examination ranges from 40 to 60%, and so the use of ultrasound alone does not suffice to comprehensively diagnose some abnormalities, such as a narrow thorax. When any skeletal dysplasia is suspected, diagnostic imaging using radiography [ 21 ], ultrasonography [ 23 ], computed tomography [ 34 ], and magnetic resonance imaging [ 1 , 11 , 30 ] is essential. Victoria et al [ 32 ] and Cassart et al [ 8 ] demonstrated a higher diagnostic precision using 3D CT compared to 2D ultrasound in skeletal dysplasias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative anatomy of the ilium’s primary ossification center in the human fetus

et al. 2018

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PurposeAn understanding of the development of the ilium’s primary ossification center may be useful in both determining the fetal stage and maturity, and for detecting congenital disorders. This study was performed to quantitatively examine the ilium’s primary ossification center with respect to its linear, planar and volumetric parameters.Materials and methodsUsing methods of CT, digital-image analysis and statistics, the size of the ilium’s primary ossification center in 42 spontaneously aborted human fetuses of crown–rump length (CRL) ranged from 130 to 265 mm (aged 18–30 weeks) was studied.ResultsWith no sex and laterality differences, the best fit growth dynamics for the ilium’s primary ossification center was modelled by the following functions: y = − 63.138 + 33.413 × ln(CRL) ± 1.609 for its vertical diameter, y = − 59.220 + 31.353 × ln(CRL) ± 1.736 for its transverse diameter, y = − 105.681 + 1.137 × CRL ± 16.035 for its projection surface area, and y = 478.588 + 4.035 × CRL ± 14.332 for its volume. The shape of the ilium’s primary ossification center did not change over the study period, because its transverse -to- vertical diameter ratio was stable at the level of 0.94 ± 0.07.ConclusionsThe size of the ilium’s primary ossification center displays neither sex nor laterality differences. The ilium’s primary ossification center grows logarithmically with respect to its vertical and transverse diameters, and linearly with respect to its projection surface area and volume. The shape of the ilium’s primary ossification center does not change throughout the examined period. The obtained quantitative data of the ilium’s primary ossification center is considered normative for respective prenatal weeks and may contribute to the prenatal ultrasound diagnostics of congenital defects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative anatomy of the ilium’s primary ossification center in the human fetus

et al. 2018

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“…However, the effectiveness of this examination ranges from 40 to 60%, thus using only ultrasound is not sufficient to make a comprehensive diagnosis. When skeletal dysplasia is suspected, diagnostic imaging with the use of radiographic [ 15 ] and computed tomography [ 3 ] techniques is essential. In skeletodysplasias 3D-CT is superior to 2D-US [ 7 , 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative anatomy of the ulna’s shaft primary ossification center in the human fetus

et al. 2018

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PurposeThere has been little information in the medical literature regarding the growing ulna in the human fetus, though such knowledge appears to be potentially useful in diagnosing skeletal dysplasias, characterized by a disrupted or completely halted growth of the fetus. Therefore, longitudinal measurements of long bones are extremely conducive in assessing both pregnancy and fetal anatomy.Materials and methodsUsing methods of CT, digital-image analysis and statistics, the size of the ulna’s shaft primary ossification center in 48 (26 males and 22 females) spontaneously aborted human fetuses aged 17–30 weeks was studied.ResultsWith no sex differences, the best fit growth dynamics for the ulna’s shaft primary ossification center was modeled by the following functions: y = − 8.476 + 1.561 × age ± 0.019 for its length, y = − 2.961 + 0.278 × age ± 0.016 for its proximal transverse diameter, y = – 0.587 + 0.107 × age ± 0.027 for its middle transverse diameter, y = − 2.865 + 0.226 × age ± 0.295 for its distal transverse diameter, y = − 50.758 + 0.251 × (age)2 ± 0.016 for its projection surface area, and y = − 821.707 + 52.578 × age ± 0.018 ± 102.944 for its volume.ConclusionsThe morphometric characteristics of the ulna’s shaft primary ossification center show neither sex nor bilateral differences. The ulna’s shaft primary ossification center grows linearly with respect to its length, transverse dimensions and volume, and follows a quadratic function with respect to its projection surface area. The obtained morphometric data of the ulna’s shaft primary ossification center is considered normative for respective prenatal weeks and may be of relevance in both the estimation of fetal ages and the diagnostic process of congenital defects.

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“…If skeletal dysplasia is suspected, using only ultrasound is not sufficient to make a comprehensive diagnosis. In such cases, the following four methods should be employed: radiographic examination [ 14 ], ultrasound imaging [ 12 ], CT [ 3 , 4 ] and MRI [ 9 ]. Van Zalen-Sprock et al [ 21 ] compared the sensitivity of imaging methods in detecting ossification centers in the fetal skeleton.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric study of the primary ossification center of the fibular shaft in the human fetus

et al. 2018

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PurposesPrecise morphometric data on the development of ossification centers in human fetuses may be useful in the early detection of skeletal dysplasias associated with delayed ossification center development and mineralization. The present study was performed to quantitatively examine the primary ossification center of the fibular shaft with respect to its linear, planar and volumetric parameters.Materials and methodsUsing methods of CT, digital-image analysis (Osirix 3.9 MD) and statistics (Student’s t-test, Shapiro–Wilk, Fisher’s test, Tukey’s test, Kruskal–Wallis test, regression analysis), the size of the primary ossification center of the fibular shaft in 47 spontaneously aborted human fetuses (25 ♂ and 22 ♀) aged 17–30 weeks was studied. In each fetus, the assessment of linear dimensions (length, transverse diameters for: proximal end, middle part and distal end), projection surface area and volume of the fibular shaft ossification center was carried out.ResultsWith no sex and laterality differences, the best fit growth dynamics for the primary ossification center of the fibular shaft was modelled by the following functions: y = − 13.241 + 1.567 × age ± 1.556 (R2 = 0.94) for its length, y = − 0.091 + 0.063 × age ± 0.073 (R2 = 0.92) for its proximal transverse diameter, y = − 1.201 + 0.717 × ln(age) ± 0.054 (R2 = 0.83) for its middle transverse diameter, y = − 2.956 + 1.532 × ln(age) ± 0.090 (R2 = 0.89) for its distal transverse diameter, y = − 69.038 + 4.699 × age ± 4.055 (R2 = 0.95) for its projection surface area, and y = − 126.374 + 9.462 × age ± 8.845 (R2 = 0.94) for its volume.ConclusionsThe ossification center in the fibular shaft follows linear functions with respect to its length, proximal transverse diameter, projection surface area and volume, and natural logarithmic functions with respect to its middle and distal transverse diameters. The obtained morphometric data of the fibular shaft ossification center is considered normative for their respective prenatal weeks and may be of relevance in both the estimation of fetal age and the ultrasound diagnostics of congenital defects.

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Pelvic radiograph in skeletal dysplasias: An approach

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Quantitative anatomy of the ilium’s primary ossification center in the human fetus

Quantitative anatomy of the ilium’s primary ossification center in the human fetus

Quantitative anatomy of the ulna’s shaft primary ossification center in the human fetus

Morphometric study of the primary ossification center of the fibular shaft in the human fetus

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