Pemanfaatan Arang Cangkang Kelapa Sawit sebagai Substitusi Carbon Black untuk Bahan Pengisi Kompon Karet

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan pemberian serbuk arang cangkang kelapa sawit diawal dan diakhir dari penggilingan/pencampuran pada rancangan formula pembuatan contoh kompon karet. Serbuk arang cangkang kelapa sawit yang digunakan sebagai bahan pengisi (filler) dengan ukuran lolos ayakan 200 mesh (ukuran partikelnya adalah 74 mikron atau 0,074 mµ) adalah berasal dari hasil penyangraian cangkang kelapa sawit. Percobaan pembuatan kompon karet, formulasinya adalah RSS/SBR/ACS dimana phr (100/30/50) dan (100/30/60) dengan pemberian serbuk arang cangkang kelapa sawit adalah diawal dari penggilingan/pencampuran. Kemudian percobaan pembuatan kompon karet berikutnya, dengan formulasi RSS/SBR/ACS dimana phr (100/30/50) dan (100/-/40) dengan perlakuan pemberian serbuk arang cangkang kelapa sawit adalah diakhir dari penggilingan/pencampuran. Parameter yang diuji adalah waktu pemasakan kompon karet, kekerasan, kekuatan tarik, modulus 300 %, perpanjangan putus dan kekuatan sobek. Hasil uji yang baik adalah dari formulasi RSS/SBR/ACS dimana phr (100/-/40) yaitu formulasi pembuatan contoh kompon karet pada pemberian serbuk arang cangkang kelapa sawit diakhir daripada penggilingan/pencampuran. Hasil uji yang diperoleh adalah kekuatan tarik = 132 kg/cm 2 , modulus 300 % = 23 psi, perpanjangan putus = 689% dan kekuatan sobek = 26kgf/cm 2 . Sedangkan kekerasannya dari seluruh formula yang dicobakan adalah yang terendah yaitu kekerasan = 48 -49 shore -A.Kata kunci : arang cangkang kelapa sawit, kompon karet, penyangraian cangkang kelapa sawit carbon black ABSTRACTThe study was conducted to determine the effect of pre-and post-mixing treatment of adding charcoal powder of palm oils shell to the designed formula of the making of rubber compound sample. The palm oil shell charcoal powder used is derived from roasting palm shells with a particle size of 200 mesh sieve passes (particle size of 74 micron). Variation of the experiment is the formulation of RSS/SBR/ACS with phr (100/30/50) and (100/30/60) with the provision of palm oil shell charcoal at the beginning of the milling/mixing. Then the formulation RSS/SBR/ACS with phr (100/30/50) and (100/-/40) with charcoal treatment by giving palm oil shells powder at the end of the milling/the mixing. The parameter tested were rubber compound cooking time, hardness, modulus 300 %, elongation at break and tear strength. A good test result is gotten from the formulation of RSS/SBR/ACS with (100/-/40) phr, that is the formulation of the production of rubber compound sample on the adding of palm oil shell powder at the end of the milling/mixing. The finding of this research shows the result of the test as the following: tensile strength = 132 kg/cm 2 , modulus 300 % = 23 psi, elongation at break = 689 % and tear strength = 26 kg/cm 2 . On the other hand, the hardness of all tested formula was at the lowest level of hardness that is at 48-49 shore-A.Keywords : palm oil shell charcoal powder, the roasting of palm shell rubber compound, carbon black

Yield Enhancement of Activated Carbon Palm Kernel Shells Based through Carbonization Solidification Process

“…From the 40 minutes onwards and the temperature around 600 ℃, the smoke from the sample was gone. The condition of the palm shell when carbonized was confirmed in a study [3].…”

“…From the carbonization process, the effect of temperature on the yield of activated carbon produced by palm kernel shell samples can be seen in Figure 3; when the temperature increases from 400 to 800 ℃, the yield of activated carbon obtained will be less [3]. The activated carbon obtained after the carbonization process with temperature variations will then check the particle size distribution using a PSA.…”

“…In 2015, Indonesia's palm oil plantation area reached 10,701,436 hectares, with 30,948,931 tons of FFB (fresh fruit bunches) produced. One tonne of FFB will produce CPO (crude palm oil) by 20-23%, PKO (palm kernel oil) by 5-7%, the rest is in the form of solid waste, including oil palm bunches of 20-23%, fruit fiber by 10-12%, and palm kernel shells by 7-9% [3,4].…”

“…Palm kernel shells have many benefits and save the high economic value. In the palm oil industry, palm kernel shell waste will be reused as fuel in boiler furnaces as a substitute for other fuels such as coal and making carbon black [3]. The palm kernel shell is one of the biomass that can be used as a renewable energy material.…”