Pencil beam scanning: a dynamical approach to proton therapy

Sepulchre, Rodolphe; Gerard, Manuel; Marchand, B.; Prieels, D.; Bauvir, Bertrand

doi:10.1109/bibe.2000.889630

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“…(15) can be approximated by 2 expðÀ2 ðr b xÞ 2 Þ. Equation 14 could have also been derived by performing the equivalent mathematical operations in the Fourier domain: the rectangular pattern of Eq. 9 employs many Fourier components which have reasonable size.…”

Section: Iva Flatnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lateral dose profile characterization in scanning particle therapy

Bäumer

Farr

2011

Med. Phys.

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The trade-off between flatness, quantization error, and robustness on the one side and penumbra width on the other side can be described analytically for equally weighted spots. Treatment planning systems often perform a least-squares optimization of the individual spot weights which results in smaller lateral penumbras and smaller quantization errors than for uniform discrete scanning. However, the benefit of this weight optimization decreases with increasing lambda (in the regime lambda > sigma(b)). The spot spacing, which is obtained from the scenario that the optimization objective is met by uniform discrete scanning, poses a sharp upper limit for the spot spacing lambda in weight optimization methods.

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Section: Iva Flatnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1). 2,14 This is performed numerically. Focusing on dependency on spot spacing, results of this section are compared to the results of Sec.…”

Section: Formulation Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%