Penciptaan Alkitabiah dan Evolusi: Berbagai Upaya untuk Merekonsiliasi Keduanya

Abstract

Since Charles Darwin wrote his book on the theory of human evolution in 1859, the paradigm of Christians and even Christian theologians have partially endorsed it or at least tried to reconcile ideas about biblical creation and the theory of evolution. Attempts have been made in literary form by Christian theologians who strongly believe in the Bible but at the same time believe in evolution, in their effort to reconcile both. This paper attempts to examine the writings of several theologians on evolution and biblical creation, and then provide rebuttals regarding the views of those who try to reconcile six-day biblical creation with the millions of years of evolutionary theory, but override the authority of Scripture. The expected result in this paper is that the biblical authority and its validity in the story of God’s creation during the six days is literal and cannot be reconciled with the theory of evolution. This paper using a documentary research method, in which the primary resources are the theologians who believe in God and simultaneously believe in the theory of evolution. Secondary resources are needed as a comparison and provide input in connection with this research. AbstrakSejak Charles Darwin menulis bukunya tentang teori evolusi manusia pada tahun 1859, paradigma orang Kristen dan bahkan para teolog Kristen pun sebagian telah mendukungnya atau setidaknya mencoba menyelaraskan ide tentang penciptaan alkitabiah dan teori evolusi. Berbagai upaya telah dibuat dalam bentuk literatur oleh para teolog Kristen yang sangat memercayai Alkitab tapi di saat yang sama juga memercayai evolusi, dalam upaya mereka untuk menyelaraskan keduanya. Makalah ini mencoba untuk menelaah tulisan beberapa teolog sehubungan dengan hal tersebut dan memberikan sanggahan sehubungan dengan pandangan mereka yang mencoba menyelaraskan penciptaan alkitabiah selama enam hari dengan teori evolusi yang berlangsung jutaan tahun, namun dengan mengesampingkan otoritas Kitab Suci. Hasil yang diharapkan dalam makalah ini bahwa otoritas Alkitab dan keabsahannya dalam kisah penciptaan Allah selama enam hari literal adalah benar dan tidak dapat diselaraskan dengan teori evolusi. Makalah ini menggunakan metode studi literatur, di mana sumber utama adalah tulisan para teolog yang memercayai Allah dan secara bersamaan memercayai teori evolusi. Sumber sekunder diperlukan sebagai pembanding dan memberikan masukan sehubungan dengan penelitian ini.

Created in the Image and Likeness of God: An Exposition of Relationship in Human Creation

“…(Neville, 2011); (Charnock & Fuller, 1957) This ex nihilo doctrine asserts that God is the Creator of all things, and also asserts that the first creative act reported in the Bible was related to something non-existent coming into being, and then from this pre-existing matter, namely "the earth was formless and void" (Genesis 1:2), is the raw material for the next Divine creation. (Verdianto, 2020) In this regard, Walter Zimmerly emphatically states, All creation works are introduced and called into existence based on the words of God's commandments, but the creation of man begins with a Divine reflection: "Let us make man in Our image and likeness." And the result is that man "does have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the air and over every creature that creeps on the earth."…”