Pendekatan Bioteknologi dan Genomika untuk Perbaikan Genetik Tanaman Jarak Pagar sebagai Penghasil Bahan Bakar Nabati

Tasma, I Made

doi:10.21082/jbio.v13n2.2017.p123-136

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Jatropha curcas L. atau jarak pagar merupakan salah satu spesies Jatropha spp. yang berpotensi sebagai sumber bahan bakar nabati pengganti minyak bumi terutama untuk produksi biodiesel (King et al 2009;Harimurti dan Sumangat 2011;Tasma 2017). Biji jarak pagar memiliki kandungan minyak hingga 35% dengan asam oleat dan asam linoleat tinggi (Forson et al 2004;Mohibbe et al 2005;King et al 2009).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Perakitan varietas unggul baru jarak pagar merupakan salah satu upaya dalam program pengembangan jarak di Indonesia. Dalam perakitan varietas unggul dibutuhkan tanaman induk dengan potensi hasil tinggi, berumur genjah, panen buah serentak, dan tahan terhadap cekaman biotik dan abiotik (Hartati et al 2009;Tasma 2017). Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan yaitu eksplorasi plasma nutfah jarak pagar, baik lokal maupun introduksi dari luar negeri (Surahman et al 2009), untuk selanjutnya digunakan sebagai materi genetik dalam program pemuliaan terutama dalam proses seleksi.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan yaitu eksplorasi plasma nutfah jarak pagar, baik lokal maupun introduksi dari luar negeri (Surahman et al 2009), untuk selanjutnya digunakan sebagai materi genetik dalam program pemuliaan terutama dalam proses seleksi. Proses ini diawali dengan karakterisasi tanaman calon tetua persilangan untuk mendapatkan aksesi yang potensial dengan sifat yang benar-benar diinginkan untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut (Nugroho et al 2015;Tasma 2017).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

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Genetic Diversity of Jatropha spp. Germplasm Based on Morphological and Molecular Markers

Terryana¹,

Nugroho²,

Mulya³

et al. 2019

J. AgroBiogen

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Germplasm of Jatropha spp. with high genetic diversity is needed to develop a new superior variety of Jatropha spp. Morphological and molecular characterizations are important to support development of their superior hybrid varieties. The aims of this study were to identify Jatropha spp. accesion potential for genetic improvement using morphological characters and analyze their genetic diversity using SSR markers. A total of eight genotypes of Jatropha spp. originated from several localities in Indonesia and Thailand was observed. Results showed that accessions of Jatropha spp. were varied in morphological and molecular characters. Based on principle component analysis, characters of stem color, leaf veins, leaf shapes, flower position, total branch number, productive branch number, petiole color, and petal color contributed most to the total diversity. Based on oil seed content, potential accessions identified for further genetic improvement were J. podagrica (34.63%) and J. curcas (29.64%). The results of molecular analysis showed that high allele variation (3–7 alleles) was observed among Jatropha spp. accessions with an average allele number of 4.12 and the average Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) value was 0.57 (0.46–0.77). Three SSR markers showed PIC value >0.5 indicating that these markers were informative for genetic diversity detection of Jatropha spp. The phylogenetic analysis showed that seven accessions of Jatropha spp. could be divided in two groups at similarity coefficent of 0.53. Results of genetic diversity analysis in this study should be useful for proper identification and selection for appropriate parents to assist in breeding of Jatropha spp. in Indonesia.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

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Genetic Diversity of Jatropha spp. Germplasm Based on Morphological and Molecular Markers

Terryana¹,

Nugroho²,

Mulya³

et al. 2019

J. AgroBiogen

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“…Kegiatan perakitan varietas unggul baru nasional yang berasal dari aksesi introduksi dilakukan secara bertahap mulai dari seleksi, uji daya hasilhingga uji multilokasi (Tasma, 2017). Aksesi introduksi cenderung memiliki karakter morfoagronomi yang sesuai dengan iklim dan agrosistem di negara asalnya (Asadi, 2014).…”

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Analisis Keragaman Genetik Aksesi Kedelai Introduksi Dari Wilayah Subtropis Berbasis Morfologi Dan Molekuler

et al. 2020

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Genetic diversity information on soybean germplasm will establish the success of soybean breeding program. In the present study, four qualitative morphological traits information collected from Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) database (www.ars-grin.gov) and 10 microsatellite markers were used to analyze the relationship among 45 accessions of subtropical introduced soybean. The morphological characters of introduced soybean accessions contributed to support the result of molecular characterization. The introduced soybean accessions used in this study were diverse based on morphological and molecular characters. Based on principle component analysis, the flower color, pod color, and growth habit contributed most of the total genetic diversity. All introduced accessions were overlap into four quadrants based on principal coordinate analysis. All microsatellite primers showed polymorphism on total accession observed. High allele variation (9–27 alleles) was observed among tested accessions, with an average allele number and Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) value of 20.7 and 0.95 (0.92–0.97), respectively. All microsatellite markers showed PIC value >0.7 indicating that these markers were suitable for soybean diversity studies with high differentiation and with the average value of genetic diversity of 0.95. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that 45 soybean accessions could be divided into two major groups. Soybean accessions belonging to the same area did not always occupy the same group. The results confirmed that both morphology and molecular genetic diversity in a combined way could efficiently evaluate the variation present in different soybean accessions in any breeding program.

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Evaluation and selection of Jatropha genotypes for biofuel

Heliyanto¹,

Purwati²,

Hartati

et al. 2020

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Jatropha curcas L., a monoecious perennial shrub, has received attention nationwide during the past two decades. In 2006, the Indonesian government has decided to option for Jatropha and palm oils for in country biofuel production. To support the program, development of high yielding jatropha varieties is necessary. This paper reviews the latest Jatropha improvement program in Indonesia. From 2005 to 2006, germplasm collection was mobilized to various provinces in Jawa, Sumatera, Sulawesi and Nusa Tenggara islands and successfully collected a sizeable amount of jatropha germplasm which serves as a base population for selection. By applying a simple recurrent breeding selection based on fruit count per year, a significant improvement has been achieved. Seed yield productivity increased more than six-fold, from 0.36-ton dry seed per ha in the initial population (IP-0) to 2.4-ton seed yield per hectare in the third cycle of selection (IP-3). To improve further the seed yield per hectare, jatropha hybrid varieties was developed involving superior provenances. Hybrid variety named Jatropha Energy Terbarukan (JET) variety-2, was released in 2017 with seed yield potential of 2.6 ton per hectare. The potential use of this high yielding genotypes for biofuel is discussed.

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Pendekatan Bioteknologi dan Genomika untuk Perbaikan Genetik Tanaman Jarak Pagar sebagai Penghasil Bahan Bakar Nabati

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Genetic Diversity of Jatropha spp. Germplasm Based on Morphological and Molecular Markers

Genetic Diversity of Jatropha spp. Germplasm Based on Morphological and Molecular Markers

Analisis Keragaman Genetik Aksesi Kedelai Introduksi Dari Wilayah Subtropis Berbasis Morfologi Dan Molekuler

Evaluation and selection of Jatropha genotypes for biofuel

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