Penetrating Atheromatous Ulcer of Ascending Aorta: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Aortic Intramural Hematoma and Its Complications

“…7,9 The symptoms and signs can also be caused by complications of IMH, including classic aortic dissection, pericardial effusion with tamponade, acute aortic regurgitation, hemothorax/ pleural effusion, acute neurological deficits, pulse deficits, acute myocardial infarction, and rupture or dissection. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Patients with IMH are at higher risk than patients with acute aortic dissection for developing periaortic hematoma and hemorrhagic pericardial effusion but are less likely than patients with acute aortic dissection to develop aortic regurgitation and acute coronary insufficiency.…”

“…13,14 IMH caused by PAU is also susceptible to complications of PAUs, including overt aortic dissection, pseudoaneurysm formation, and rupture into the pericardial sac leading to hemorrhagic pericardial or pleural effusion. 10 PAU is responsible for 2% to 7% of patients with acute aortic syndromes, and the rupture rate has been reported as high as 38% for PAUs presenting as acute aortic syndrome.…”

Síndrome aórtico agudo: Revisión de la literatura y actualización del tema

“…Con el paso de las horas, esta sangre (sumada al efecto de la presión arterial sistémica) es capaz de desencadenar una disección o ruptura aórtica [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] (Figura 1). Los trastornos, tanto adquiridos como genéti-cos, comparten una vía final común que da lugar a la disrupción de la íntima.…”

“…Por otro lado, en los casos en que la aorta descendente es la afectada, el tratamiento médico conservador es aceptado. Sin embargo, si hay signos de progresión, como dolor intratable, aumento del grosor de la pared aórtica, diámetro de la UAP mayor a 20 mm, profundidad de la UAP mayor a 10 mm, HI, sangre extra adventicial y aumento de la efusión pleural, se recomienda el tratamiento endovascular 2 .…”

“…Las enfermedades involucradas son tres: la disección aórtica (DA), el hematoma intramural (HI) y la úlcera aterosclerótica penetrante (UAP) 2 .…”