“…In general, researchers are interested in the influence on NP penetration routes and efficiency of the NP size, material, mechanical and surface properties (hydrophobicity/lipophilicity or hydrophilicity, charge, surface functionalization by molecular and ionic groups, as well as modification by conjugation with macromolecules) [5,7,8,36,42,80,81,82,83,84]. Among other things, the transfollicular pathway seems to be of special importance for NP penetration into intact healthy skin.…”