Penetration of inhaled aerosols in the bronchial tree

Miguel, António F.

doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2017.03.004

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Large respiratory droplets, at Ͼ20 m in diameter, are likely to be deposited within the upper respiratory tract, with essentially no penetration beyond the trachea. In contrast, a significant proportion of droplets that are Ͻ5 m in diameter penetrate all the way to the alveolar region (32,49). Thus, viruses transmitted via differing modes may be less likely to meet within a coinfected host and undergo reassortment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza A Virus Reassortment Is Limited by Anatomical Compartmentalization following Coinfection via Distinct Routes

Richard

Herfst

Tao

et al. 2018

J Virol

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Exchange of gene segments through reassortment is a major feature of influenza A virus evolution and frequently contributes to the emergence of novel epidemic, pandemic and zoonotic strains. It has long been evident that viral diversification through reassortment is constrained by genetic incompatibility between divergent parental viruses. In contrast, the role of virus-extrinsic factors in determining the likelihood of reassortment has remained unclear. To evaluate the impact of such factors in the absence of confounding effects of segment mismatch, we previously reported an approach in which reassortment between wild-type (wt) and genetically tagged variant (var) viruses of the same strain is measured. Here, using wt/var systems in the A/Netherlands/602/2009 (pH1N1) and A/Panama/2007/99 (H3N2) strain backgrounds, we have tested whether inoculation of parental viruses into distinct sites within the respiratory tract limits their reassortment. Using a ferret model, matched parental viruses were either co-inoculated intranasally, or one virus was instilled intranasally while the second was instilled intratracheally. Dual intranasal inoculation resulted in robust reassortment for wt/var viruses of both strain backgrounds. In contrast, when infections were initiated simultaneously at distinct sites, strong compartmentalization of viral replication was observed and minimal reassortment was detected. The observed lack of viral spread between upper and lower respiratory tissues may be attributable to localized exclusion of super-infection within the host, mediated by innate immune responses. Our findings indicate that dual infections in nature are more likely to result in reassortment if viruses are seeded into similar anatomical locations and have matched tissue tropisms.Genetic exchange between influenza A viruses (IAVs) through reassortment can facilitate the emergence of antigenically drifted seasonal strains and plays a prominent role in the development of pandemics. Typical human influenza is concentrated in the upper respiratory tract; however, lower respiratory tract (LRT) infection is an important feature of severe cases, which are more common in the very young, the elderly, and individuals with underlying conditions. In addition to host factors, viral characteristics and mode of transmission can also increase the likelihood of LRT infection: certain zoonotic IAVs are thought to favor the LRT and transmission via small droplets allows direct seeding into lower respiratory tissues. Toward gauging the likelihood of reassortment in co-infected hosts, we assessed the extent to which initiation of infection at distinct respiratory sites impacts reassortment frequency. Our results reveal that spatially distinct inoculation results in anatomical compartmentalization of infection, which in turn strongly limits reassortment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza A Virus Reassortment Is Limited by Anatomical Compartmentalization following Coinfection via Distinct Routes

Richard

Herfst

Tao

et al. 2018

J Virol

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“…It was found that deposition increased with the particle size in the range of 0.1-9 μm, especially for coarse aerosols, which deposited more severe at the 1st bifurcation and for the obstructivedisease patient. Miguel et al conducted another experiment to study the aerosol deposition for particles ranging from 8.1 [34], 2nd bifurcation [35], and entire duct [36]. to 23.2 μm [34,36].…”

Section: Aerosol Deposition Through Bifurcation Bendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Miguel et al conducted another experiment to study the aerosol deposition for particles ranging from 8.1 [34], 2nd bifurcation [35], and entire duct [36]. to 23.2 μm [34,36]. Significant factors affecting bend deposition were identified as particle size, Reynolds number, bend angle, and curvature ratio.…”

Section: Aerosol Deposition Through Bifurcation Bendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Views of Tran-Bend Particle Deposition in Turbulent Flow with Nanoscale Effect

Zhou

Sun

Jiang

et al. 2018

Journal of Nanotechnology

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This paper presented experimental views of nano- and microaerosol distribution and deposition in turbulent tran-bend flows. These views included the particle flow measurement and particle depositions through individual bends, bifurcation bends, and those behind bends. Selected experiments were summarized and compared according to the gas flow, the bend geometry, and the particle flow properties. Based on recent studies, the influencing factors of environmental humidity, particle and surface properties, nanoparticle formation, coagulation, or evolution phenomena were discussed, and then research suggestions were given for future research and applications. It is specially mentioned that the new particle formation and nanoparticle growth affect its deposition under environmental contaminant conditions; nanoscale particle dynamics and transport have a growing trend on attracting the research and industry attentions.

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“…In general, as particle size decreases, the specific surface increases, which makes elements to be absorbed easier on PM (Zhang et al, 2018). Also, the degree of respiratory penetration and retention depends on particles sizes, smaller the particle, the more it can penetrate and subsequently deposit into lungs, and stay there for longer time (Espinosa et al, 2001;Chen and Lippmann, 2009;Miguel, 2017).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscript Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To evaluate the possible health risks of PM, the research of their chemical composition and size distribution is essential (Espinosa et al, 2001;Wang et al, 2005;Miguel, 2017). Therefore, this study aims to determine the concentration of elements in urban aerosol (PM2.5 and PM1) during…”

Section: Accepted Manuscript Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation and Sources of Elements in Urban Submicron and Fine Aerosol in Brno, Czech Republic

Cigánková

Mikuška

Hegrová

et al. 2021

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Penetration of inhaled aerosols in the bronchial tree

Cited by 20 publications

References 32 publications

Influenza A Virus Reassortment Is Limited by Anatomical Compartmentalization following Coinfection via Distinct Routes

Influenza A Virus Reassortment Is Limited by Anatomical Compartmentalization following Coinfection via Distinct Routes

Experimental Views of Tran-Bend Particle Deposition in Turbulent Flow with Nanoscale Effect

Seasonal Variation and Sources of Elements in Urban Submicron and Fine Aerosol in Brno, Czech Republic

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