PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN SERAI (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) TERHADAP PERKEMBANGBIAKAN KUTU BERAS (Sitophilus oryzae L.)

Abstract

THE EFFECT OF LEMONGRASS (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) LEAVES EXTRACT ON RICE WEEVIL (Sitophilus oryzae L.) REPRODUCTION]. Rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) is the most destructive pest of rice. It can be controlled with leaf extract of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus). The leaves extract contains potential active compounds that can be used to control some pests. This study aimed to determine the effect of the several concentrations of C. citratus extract from fresh and dry leaves on S. oryzae reproduction. This study was organized in a randomized complete design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was the extract concentrations which consisted of 5%, 10%, 20%, as well as the positive control of alfamethrin at 1% and the negative control of distilled water. The second factor was the use of C. citratus leaves which were using fresh and dry leaves. Some variables observed were the repellent of S. oryzae, the number of new adults, the damaged percentage of rice, and the rice organoleptic. The rice organoleptics observed included color, texture, odor and taste. The data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA test. The best result has been found at the extract concentration of 20% from fresh C. citratus treatment with an average repellency of 68.50±14.45%, the number of new adults of 29±4.99, and the damaged rice percentage of 24.75±4.113%. The result of the organoleptic test with the highest average value was found at the concentration of 5% from fresh C. citratus treatment. The results of the organoleptic test with the method of Kruskal-Wallis showed that there were no significant differences among the color, texture, smell, and taste of rice. This study concluded that C. citratus can be used effectively against S. oryzae.