Penile cancer among patients with genital lichen sclerosus

Lesions of the Foreskin – Histopathological Study of Circumcision Specimens

“…Hence 8 cases out of 13 (61.53%) were missed clinically but were identified only because of histopathological examination.BXO cannot be excluded on the basis of a negative clinical examination and hence histopathological analysis of foreskin is necessary to arrive at the correct diagnosis. BXO has well documented correlation with development of squamous cell carcinoma (2) (3) . BXO has been shown to have a strong association with penile squamous cell carcinoma variants of pseudohyperplastic, verrucous, and papillary type.…”

“…In a prospective study the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma among long standing lichen sclerosus of penis was 5.8-9.3%. (2) (3) Circumcision is one of the most commonly performed operative procedure. It is usually done for religious and ethnic reasons but sometimes done for medical indications.…”

Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Long-Standing Untreated Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus of the Penis

“…Almost all cases occur between 15 and 60 years of age, and it is rare before onset of puberty [1]. Although the pathogenesis of LSA is not known, it has been regarded as an incompletely defined response to various mechanical and antigenic stimuli which include trauma, chronic irritation, infections, and autoimmune diseases [2].…”

“…Penile LSA presents as white atrophic plaques over glans and prepuce and can result in complications like recurrent balanoposthitis, erosions, ulceration, balanopreputial adhesions, painful erection, phimosis, meatal stenosis, dysuria, and urinary tract obstruction. A rare complication is the development of a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), arising within the involved areas [2]. SCCs have been sporadically associated with penile LSA.…”

Current views on the diagnosis and treatment of genital lichen sclerosus

“…Zmiany, zwłaszcza na sromie, predysponują do rozwoju rzadziej występującego raka brodawkującego sromu [27]. Ryzyko rozwoju SCC narządów płciowych u pacjentów z LS szacuje się na 4-5% w ciągu życia [4,28,29]. W 10-letnim, wieloośrodkowym badaniu przeprowadzonym w grupie 130 mężczyzn z genitalnym LS histopatologiczne zmiany odpowiadające SCC stwierdzono u 8 pacjentów, raka brodawkujące-go u 2, a erytroplazję Queyrata w 1 przypadku [30].…”