Penile Measurements in Tanzanian Males: Guiding Circumcision Device Design and Supply Forecasting

Chrouser, Kristin; Bazant, Eva; Jin, Linda X.; Kileo, Baldwin; Plotkin, Marya; Adamu, Tigistu; Curran, Kelly; Koshuma, Sifuni

doi:10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.3200

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…None of the studies had used inter‐rater reliability when taking measurements. Some described training procedures to ensure consistency between different raters . Some described repeated measures used to ensure accuracy .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics of all studies extracted for inclusion are shown in Table 1 [5][6][7][8][9][10]12,13,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have measured penile size in various samples. Some authors have tabulated studies of penile size [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Two studies have produced a nomogram for their samples [9,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Am I normal? A systematic review and construction of nomograms for flaccid and erect penis length and circumference in up to 15 521 men

Miles²,

et al. 2015

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ObjectiveTo systematically review and create nomograms of flaccid and erect penile size measurements. MethodsStudy key eligibility criteria: measurement of penis size by a health professional using a standard procedure; a minimum of 50 participants per sample. Exclusion criteria: samples with a congenital or acquired penile abnormality, previous surgery, complaint of small penis size or erectile dysfunction. Synthesis methods: calculation of a weighted mean and pooled standard deviation (SD) and simulation of 20 000 observations from the normal distribution to generate nomograms of penis size. ResultsNomograms for flaccid pendulous [n = 10 704, mean (SD) 9.16 (1.57) cm] and stretched length [n = 14 160, mean (SD) 13.24 (1.89) cm], erect length [n = 692, mean (SD) 13.12 (1.66) cm], flaccid circumference [n = 9407, mean (SD) 9.31 (0.90) cm], and erect circumference [n = 381, mean (SD) 11.66 (1.10) cm] were constructed. Consistent and strongest significant correlation was between flaccid stretched or erect length and height, which ranged from r = 0.2 to 0.6. Limitations: relatively few erect measurements were conducted in a clinical setting and the greatest variability between studies was seen with flaccid stretched length. ConclusionsPenis size nomograms may be useful in clinical and therapeutic settings to counsel men and for academic research.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics of all studies extracted for inclusion are shown in Table 1 [5][6][7][8][9][10]12,13,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Am I normal? A systematic review and construction of nomograms for flaccid and erect penis length and circumference in up to 15 521 men

Miles²,

et al. 2015

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“…Age was categorised into 8–13, 14–18 and >18 years based on data from Sub-Saharan Africa on Tanner staging in males undergoing circumcision. [ 23 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cross Sectional Study of the Prevalence of Preputial and Penile Scrotal Abnormalities among Clients Undergoing Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision in Soweto, South Africa

et al. 2016

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ObjectiveMedical device use is currently approved for males without preputial or major penile scrotal abnormalities for voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC). We determined the prevalence of preputial abnormalities at a busy VMMC centre in Soweto, South Africa.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional record review at a high-volume VMMC centre in South Africa. We collated pre-circumcision demographic and genital examination findings from clients 8 years and older who had undergone VMMC from 01 May 2013 to 30 April 2014. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with preputial abnormalities.FindingsDuring the review period, 6861 circumcisions were conducted and 37.1% (n = 2543) were 8–13 year olds. Median age was 15 years (IQR: 12–23 years). Fifteen percent (n = 1030) had preputial abnormalities or major penile scrotal abnormalities. Age-specific prevalence of preputial or major genital abnormalities were 27.3%, 10.6% and 6.0% in 8–13, 14–18 and > 18 year olds respectively. The odds of preputial or major penile scrotal abnormality were higher in younger clients aged 8–13 years (OR = 5.9; 95% CI = 4.8–7.1) and 14–18 years (OR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.5–2.4) compared to older clients above18 years and in those testing for HIV outside our clinic network (OR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.4–2.7).ConclusionThe high prevalence of preputial and penile scrotal abnormalities observed suggests a need for VMMC sites to provide for both open surgical and devices methods in the provision of VMMC services. This is especially so among young male subjects presenting themselves for VMMC services at the various sites being developed in sub Saharan African countries.

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“…In a study of 3,300 young Italian men (none with abnormalities of the penis), the median length was 4.92 inches (12.5 cm) (Ponchietti et al, 2001). Ten other studies similarly reported mean stretched lengths of less than 5 inches (12.7 cm) (Chen et al, 2000;Choi et al, 2011;Chrouser et al, 2013;Mehraban, Salehi, & Zayeri, 2007;Promodu et al, 2007;Şengezer et al, 2002;Siminoski & Bain, 1993;Son, Lee, Huh, Kim, & Paick, 2003;Spyropoulos et al, 2002;Wessells et al, 1996), while 10 others reported mean lengths of 5.08 to 5.63 inches (12.9 to 14.3 cm) (Aslan et al, 2011;Awwad et al, 2005;Kamel, Gadalla, Ghanem, & Oraby, 2009;Khan, Somani, Lam, & Donat, 2012;Savoie, Kim, & Soloway, 2003;Schonfeld & Beebe, 1942;Shah & Christopher, 2002;Shalaby, Almohsen, El Shahid, Abd Al-Sameaa, & Mostofa, 2015;Sӧ ylemez et al, 2012;Yafi et al, 2018).…”

Section: Studies In Which Researchers Measured Stretched Penisesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Average-Size Erect Penis: Fiction, Fact, and the Need for Counseling

King

2020

Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy

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Most men believe that the average length of an erect penis is greater than 6 inches (15.24 cm). This belief is due, in part, to several often-cited studies that relied on self-reported measurements, with means of about 6.2 inches (15.75 cm) for heterosexual men and even greater for gay men. These studies suffered from both volunteer bias and social desirability bias. In this review, the combined mean for 10 studies in which researchers took measurements of erect penises was 5.36 inches (13.61 cm; n ¼ 1,629). For 21 studies in which researchers measured stretched penises, the mean was approximately 5.11 inches (12.98 cm; n ¼ 13,719). Based on these studies, the average length of an erect penis is between 5.1 and 5.5 inches (12.95-13.97 cm), but after taking volunteer bias into account, it is probably toward the lower end of this range. Studies show that a majority of men wish they were larger, with some choosing penile lengthening surgery. These surgeries are considered by the American Urological Association to be risky. Most men seeking surgery have normal sized penises. Counseling with factual information about penis size might be effective in alleviating concerns for the majority of men who worry about having a small penis. Studies find that many men have concerns that their penis is not large enough and that they are smaller relative to other men (

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Penile Measurements in Tanzanian Males: Guiding Circumcision Device Design and Supply Forecasting

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Am I normal? A systematic review and construction of nomograms for flaccid and erect penis length and circumference in up to 15 521 men

Am I normal? A systematic review and construction of nomograms for flaccid and erect penis length and circumference in up to 15 521 men

A Cross Sectional Study of the Prevalence of Preputial and Penile Scrotal Abnormalities among Clients Undergoing Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision in Soweto, South Africa

Average-Size Erect Penis: Fiction, Fact, and the Need for Counseling

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