Penisagenesie. Weibliche Geschlechtszuweisung unter psychotherapeutischer Betreuung der Eltern

Pohlandt, Frank; Kuhn, Helga; Teller, W. M.; Thomä, H.

doi:10.1055/s-0028-1108105

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In the patients with penile agenesis, it varied from neonatal age to 3.9 years. While the only patient with manifest gender change happened to have a history of very late orchidectomy, other cases with definite (Johnston et al, 1977) or probable (Pohlandt, Kühn, Teller, & Thomä, 1974) late orchidectomy did not change gender or show gender dysphoria ( Table I). All of the female-reassigned cases of penile ablation (Table V) experienced gonadal loss after the period of the neonatal testosterone surge; nevertheless, most lived as females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Gender Identity Outcome in Female-Raised 46,XY Persons with Penile Agenesis, Cloacal Exstrophy of the Bladder, or Penile Ablation

Meyer‐Bahlburg

2005

Arch Sex Behav

227

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This review addresses the long-term gender outcome of gender assignment of persons with intersexuality and related conditions. The gender assignment to female of 46,XY newborns with severe genital abnormalities despite a presumably normal-male prenatal sex-hormone milieu is highly controversial because of variations in assumptions about the role of biological factors in gender identity formation. This article presents a literature review of gender outcome in three pertinent conditions (penile agenesis, cloacal exstrophy of the bladder, and penile ablation) in infancy or early childhood. The findings clearly indicate an increased risk of later patient-initiated gender re-assignment to male after female assignment in infancy or early childhood, but are nevertheless incompatible with the notion of a full determination of core gender identity by prenatal androgens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Gender Identity Outcome in Female-Raised 46,XY Persons with Penile Agenesis, Cloacal Exstrophy of the Bladder, or Penile Ablation

Meyer‐Bahlburg

2005

Arch Sex Behav

227

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“…While other malformations are seen in approximately half the patients in this group, these have not been lethal defects, and almost all patients have survived. Although, in the past, some of these patients have remained untreated, current recommendations include early reassignment of female gender with appropriately timed surgery, as necessary, for orchiectomy, urethral transposition, and vaginal construction [Pohlandt et al, 1974;Stolar et al, 1987;Skoog and Belman, 1989]. This approach is not without controversy [Diamond and Sigmundson, 1997;Ozbey and Ozbey, 1997;Reiner, 1997], given the normal endocrine function in most of these genetic males, their potential desire for gender reassignment in adolesence, and the possibility of fertility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Agenesis of the penis: Patterns of associated malformations

et al. 1999

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Agenesis of the penis is a rare malformation that occurs in otherwise normal males or together with other anomalies. In this article, we document unusual patterns of malformations in four such infants and analyze the nature and incidence of defects in 57 cases by clinical evaluation and numerical classification techniques. Although patients with this condition previously have been divided into groups based on the position of the urethral meatus in relation to the anus (presphincteric, postsphincteric, urethral atresia), our analyses suggest that most cases can be classified into either a severe form (16%) with renal aplasia or dysplasia and other caudal anomalies or a second group (72%) with low mortality and fewer additional malformations. The remaining cases in our group represented unique patterns stemming from a variety of causes, including etretinate embryopathy and the human homologue of the disorganization mutation. Agenesis of the penis occurs as a consequence of single gene disorders, teratogenic effects, or malformation sequences and associations and in unrecognized patterns of anomalies. It thus should be considered a developmental field defect. Its concurrence with scrotal hypoplasia, absent raphe, and anal anomalies implies a major disturbance of the caudal mesoderm. In such cases, severe renal defects are usually seen, and the prognosis is poor. When the patient has a patent urethra and normal scrotum, raphe, and testes, however, penile agenesis may be a localized malformation of the genital tubercle potentially related to penoscrotal transposition, a phylogenetic anomaly that is the normal genital arrangement in male marsupials, rabbits, and certain other mammals. Infants with isolated penile agenesis have generally done well. In the past, many were not treated; however, current recommendations are to use appropriate surgical and endocrine techniques to reassign female gender and enhance sexual and psychosocial functioning, though this approach is the subject of controversy.

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2021

Sexualmedizin

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Penisagenesie. Weibliche Geschlechtszuweisung unter psychotherapeutischer Betreuung der Eltern

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Gender Identity Outcome in Female-Raised 46,XY Persons with Penile Agenesis, Cloacal Exstrophy of the Bladder, or Penile Ablation

Gender Identity Outcome in Female-Raised 46,XY Persons with Penile Agenesis, Cloacal Exstrophy of the Bladder, or Penile Ablation

Agenesis of the penis: Patterns of associated malformations

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