Crown ether ligands [1,2] have been studied as potential actinide extractants for many years, and they have been shown to influence the partitioning of actinides in two-phase aqueous systems. [3±5] Although many examples of crown ether ligands that extract actinides in hydrocarbon/water systems are known, [6,7] relatively few actinide crown ether complexes in which the actinide ion is coordinated by one or more donor atoms of the crown ether have been reported. [8] There are only two inclusion compounds of trans-dioxoactinide cations AnO n 2 in which the actinide ion is completely encapsulated by a crown ether ligand and the counterions (perchlorate [9,10] or triflate [11] ) are uncoordinated in the crystal lattice: [UO 2 ([18]crown-6)] 2 (I) and [UO 2 (dicyclohexano[18]crown-6)] 2 . It has been claimed that synthesis of inclusion complexes from uranyl ions UO 2 2 and crown ether ligands requires the use of weakly coordinating anions, nonaqueous conditions, and proper choice of cavity size. [8] Indeed, the majority of actinide crown ether complexes exhibit secondsphere hydrogen bonding between the oxygen atoms of the crown ether and water molecules coordinated to the actinide center. [12±19] Well-known examples include [UO 2 (H 2 O) 5 ([18]crown-6) 2 (H 2 O)(CH 3 CN) 2 ][ClO 4 ] 2 (central unit: II) [15] and [UO 2 (H 2 O) 5 ([18]crown-6)][CF 3 SO 3 ] 2 . [17] Crown ether inclusion complexes of a transuranic ion in any oxidation state are unknown.On attempting to employ this well-known ability of crown ether ligands to form second-sphere hydrogen-bonded complexes of trans-dioxometal ions (as in II), we were surprised to observe the complete encapsulation of the NpO 2 ion by the [18]crown-6 ligand. Addition of one equivalent of [18]crown-6 to a stirred solution of NpO 2 2 in 1m HX (X ClO À 4 , CF 3 SO À 3 ) resulted in reduction of Np VI to Np V and formation of large turquoise crystals of [NpO 2 ([18]crown-6)][X] (1[X]) over 12 ± 24 h. The presence of an absorption band at 980 nm (e 395 m À1 cm À1 ), characteristic of the NpO 2 ion, [20] in the NIR spectra of the crystalline solids dissolved in 1m HClO 4 confirms that reduction of Np VI to Np V has occurred. Even in the presence of O 3 , the Np VI was reduced to 1[X] on addition of [18]crown-6. Finally, solutions of Np V compounds in 1m HX, which are present as hydrated NpO 2 ions, react smoothly with [18]crown-6 to give 1[X] in almost quantitative yield.A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of 1[ClO 4 ] revealed an NpO 2 ion completely encapsulated by a disordered [18]crown-6 ligand. [21] The Np center of the [NpO 2 ([18] crown-6)] ion is coordinated by two trans oxo ligands and six approximately coplanar crown ether O atoms to give an approximate hexagonal bipyramidal coordination environ-