Pentastomiasis and malignancy

Smith, JA; Oladiran, B.; Lagundoye, S. B.; Lawson, E. A.; Francis, Thomas

doi:10.1080/00034983.1975.11687039

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This can be explained by the fact that visceral pentastomiasis is often asymptomatic [1]. However, this disease might be more prevalent than expected in some parts of the world, as autopsy studies in Nigeria and West Malaysia have shown prevalences up to 33–45% in some populations [11], [12]. Ocular pentastomiasis, though a rare form of the disease, is likely to be detected more readily than the visceral manifestation, because an eye infection produces overt symptoms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Pentastomiasis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

et al. 2014

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Ocular pentastomiasis is a rare infection caused by the larval stage of pentastomids, an unusual group of crustacean-related parasites. Zoonotic pentastomids have a distinct geographical distribution and utilize reptiles or canids as final hosts. Recently, an increasing number of human abdominal infections have been reported in Africa, where pentastomiasis is an emerging, though severely neglected, tropical disease. Here we describe four ocular infections caused by pentastomids from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Two cases underwent surgery and an Armillifer grandis infection was detected by morphological and molecular approaches. Thus far, 15 other cases of ocular pentastomiasis have been reported worldwide. Twelve cases were caused by Armillifer sp., recorded almost exclusively in Africa, where such infections occur as a consequence of hunting and consuming snakes, their final hosts. Seven further cases were caused by Linguatula serrata, a cosmopolitan pentastomid whose final hosts are usually canids. Intraocular infections caused permanent visual damage in 69% and a total loss of vision in 31% of reported cases. In contrast, ocular adnexal cases had a benign clinical course. Further research is required to estimate the burden, therapeutic options and pathogenesis of this neglected disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Pentastomiasis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

et al. 2014

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“…A study in Ibadan, Nigeria, by Smith et al [8] found pentastomiasis to be the third most common cause of hepatic fibrosis after tuberculosis and schistosomiasis. This form of presentation may be as a result of the accumulation of neurotoxic substances that would normally have been metabolized by the liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of extremely high numbers of cysts in some locations can even cause death. [8] Pneumonitis, bronchitis, pleuritis, pericarditis, hepatitis, and peritonitis, have all been noted in patients with severe infection. [3] Our patient, according to her past medical history, had been treated several times for pneumonitis and abdominal discomfort; it is likely that the heavy infestation was responsible for those illnesses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe pentasomide Armillifer armillatus infestation complicated by hepatic encephalopathy

2011

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Background: Diagnosis of Armillifer armillatus infestation is usually incidental, commonly via autopsy or radiography. Affected individual are usually asymptomatic. The case presented here, however, had severe thoracic and abdominal involvement with clinical manifestations. Aim: To report a case of heavy A. armillatus infestation in an adult female Nigerian rural dweller complicated by hepatic parenchyma damage. Setting: Case report from semi-urban southern Nigeria, using clinical records and imaging findings. Materials and Methods: Clinical case records, including laboratory results and radiographic /computed tomography images. Conclusion: Parenchymal damage with organ dysfunction can be seen with severe A. armillatus infestation. Thus, there is a need for regular health education regarding the risk of A. armillatus infestation for individuals who consume snake meat.

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“…The cough may not be related to the infestation, but previous publications by other authors revealed some cases of pneumonitis that occurred as a result of Armillifer armillatus infestations [ 16 ]. In patients with severe infestation, there could be associated pericarditis, pleuritis, acute abdominal conditions such as intestinal obstruction and even viscus perforation [ 17 ]. The encysted larvae may cause abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation and diarrhoea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Armillifer armillatus infestation in Human; public health scenario of a snake parasite: a report of three cases

Aiyekomogbon¹,

Meseko²,

Abiodun³

2016

Pan Afr Med J

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We report cases of Armillifer Armillatus infestation in three Nigerian adults within two and half years in our health facility. The first patient was a 70 year old farmer and a regular consumer of snake meat for over 50 years. He presented in February, 2014 for follow-up visit as he was a known systemic hypertensive patient. He was incidentally discovered to have multiple comma-shaped calcific lesions in the lungs and liver on a chest radiograph. These were better demonstrated on abdominal ultrasound and computed tomographic scans. He was asymptomatic. The second patient was a 42 year old male civil servant who presented in December 2015 with dry cough and right loin pain for five and three days respectively. His past medical history revealed that he had been treated previously for pneumonia. He has never eaten snake meat but consumed Alligator (Amphibious reptile) for many years but stopped about 12 years ago. Similar calcific lesions were also noted in his liver and lung parenchyma on chest radiograph and abdominal ultrasound scan. The third patient was an 80 year old man who presented in April, 2014 with dizziness and diminished urine output of one day duration. He was a farmer who has been consuming snake meat for many years, and has been on management for systemic arterial hypertension and prostatic hypertrophy. Chest radiograph and abdomino-pelvic ultrasound incidentally revealed multiple comma-shaped calcific lesions in the lungs and liver. The liver function test parameters were all within normal limits but the electrolytes were deranged and he was anaemic with a Packed Cell Volume of 27%. A diagnosis of Armillifer Armillatus infestation was made in these patients, and they were conservatively managed with Mebendazole. The third case was catherized and the deranged electrolytes were corrected. The first patient was lost to follow-up, whiles the second and third had no remarkable symptoms on subsequent follow-up visits.

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Pentastomiasis and malignancy

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Ocular Pentastomiasis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Ocular Pentastomiasis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Severe pentasomide Armillifer armillatus infestation complicated by hepatic encephalopathy

Armillifer armillatus infestation in Human; public health scenario of a snake parasite: a report of three cases

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