People meeting ultra high risk for psychosis criteria in the community

Mills, John W.; Fusar‐Poli, Paolo; Morgan, Craig; Azis, Matilda; McGuire, Philip

doi:10.1002/wps.20463

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For example, in a study by Gujar, McDonald, Nishida, and Walker (2011), healthy participants who had insufficient sleep demonstrated a fear bias in an emotional face recognition task. Additionally, cognitive processes involved in psychosis development, for example, jumping to conclusion bias (Garety et al, 2005) The present findings support the suggestion by Mills et al (2017) that there may be a large number of young adults in the general population with ARMS, and their recommendation for further investment in services aimed at psychosis prevention/early intervention is reiterated here. It is also recommended that such services routinely assess for sleep difficulties, which if treated early and effectively, may help prevent the worsening of symptoms and associated distress, thus potentially reducing development of an ARMS profile.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The association between sleep quality and attenuated psychotic symptoms

Clarke

Hanna

Davidson

et al. 2020

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim: To determine if poor sleep makes a unique contribution in predicting the likelihood of experiencing six or more attenuated psychotic symptoms and associated distress, after examining and controlling for sociodemographic factors, depression and drug/alcohol use. Method: An online survey was conducted using Amazon's online crowdsourcing service Mechanical Turk (MTurk). The sample was 1013 adults (18 to 36 years) from the general population in the United States. The survey consisted of the Prodromal Questionnaire 16 (PQ-16), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Patient Health Questionnaire 9, the Drug Abuse Screening Test 10 and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Regression analyses were performed with the PQ-16 as the dependent variable, and sleep quality as the predictor variable, holding constant sociodemographic variables, depression, and alcohol/drug abuse.Results: 37% of the sample endorsed six or more PQ-16 items, which may be suggestive of an at-risk mental state, with sleep disturbance significantly increasing the likelihood (Odds ratio 2.09 < .001) of endorsing six or more PQ-16 items. After controlling for sociodemographic variables, depression and drug/alcohol abuse, poor sleep quality made a unique contribution of 5.8% of the variance accounted for in level of distress experienced by attenuated psychotic symptoms. Conclusion:Effective treatment of sleep disturbance may reduce the likelihood ofexperiencing attenuated psychotic symptoms and associated distress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The association between sleep quality and attenuated psychotic symptoms

Clarke

Hanna

Davidson

et al. 2020

Early Intervention Psych

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“…The prevalence of ARMS + adolescents in our sample (26%) was higher than previously reported [6,29]. It can be attributed to the sampling bias, subjects with subtle symptoms are more prone to participate in testing.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…Overall level of functioning, as indexed by the SOFAS score, were similar to the functioning level of nonhelp-seeking adolescent samples from other countries [29,35]. The SOFAS score in our sample was mostly affected by the severity of CAARMS symptoms; therefore, not surprisingly, the ARMS + group had poorer functioning than the ARMS-group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Clinical and Functional Outcomes of At-Risk Mental State Among Non-Help Seeking Adolescents

Švancer¹,

Dorazilová²,

Voráčková³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: At-risk mental state (ARMS) individuals are at high risk to develop psychosis. In addition to attenuated symptoms, ARMS is associated with cognitive and functional impairment. The findings are mostly based on research in help-seeking at-risk population. Our study aim was to explore prevalence rates of ARMS, comorbidities, functioning, and cognitive performance among non-help seeking adolescents. Patients and methods: Study subjects were randomly selected high school adolescents. At-risk mental state was assessed with Comprehensive Assessment of At Risk Mental States interview (CAARMS). Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia examined comorbidities. Social functioning and quality of life were measured with Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS) and KIDSCREEN 52. Cognitive performance in the domains of visual memory, verbal memory, working memory, and processing speed was assessed with a battery of cognitive tests Results: The total of 82 adolescents was enrolled, 21 of them met the ARMS criteria. No case of threshold psychotic disorder was detected in the study sample. Subthreshold mental disorders were more frequent in the ARMS+ group than in the ARMS- group (OR= 3.05; 95%CI 1.07, 8.67; p=0.03). Lower SOFAS scores were observed in the ARMS+ group compared to the ARMS- group (t= -3.888; p<.001; Cohen’s d = 0.99). In the total sample, CAARMS symptoms intensity was negatively associated with the SOFAS score (β = -.51; R2 = 0.26; p<.001). No significant differences in the KIDSCREEN-52 scores or cognitive functioning were found between the groups. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that non-help seeking adolescents with at-risk mental state have worse level of functioning compared to controls and higher rates of non-psychotic psychiatric comorbidities. Reduction in functioning is negatively associated with the severity of their subsyndromal psychotic symptoms.

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“…Recent evidence has highlighted the importance of studying CHR-populations outside clinical referral pathways to identify the similarities and differences in clinical characteristics, demographic variables and neurocognition (Mills et al ., 2017; Schultze-Lutter et al ., 2018). Overall, our sample of CHR-participants recruited through a novel online screening platform (McDonald et al ., 2018) was characterised by similar levels of functioning and psychiatric comorbidity as previously observed in cohorts recruited through early intervention centres.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological deficits in participants at clinical high risk for psychosis recruited from the community: relationships to functioning and clinical symptoms

et al. 2019

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Background The current study examined the pattern of neurocognitive impairments in a community-recruited sample of clinical high-risk (CHR) participants and established relationships with psychosocial functioning. Methods CHR-participants (n = 108), participants who did not fulfil CHR-criteria (CHR-negatives) (n = 42) as well as a group of healthy controls (HCs) (n = 55) were recruited. CHR-status was assessed using the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental State (CAARMS) and the Schizophrenia Proneness Interview, Adult Version (SPI-A). The Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia Battery (BACS) as well as tests for emotion recognition, working memory and attention were administered. In addition, role and social functioning as well as premorbid adjustment were assessed. Results CHR-participants were significantly impaired on the Symbol-Coding and Token-Motor task and showed a reduction in total BACS-scores. Moreover, CHR-participants were characterized by prolonged reactions times (RTs) in emotion recognition as well by reductions in both social and role functioning, GAF and premorbid adjustments compared to HCs. Neurocognitive impairments in emotion recognition accuracy, emotion recognition RT, processing speed and motor speed were associated with several aspects of functioning explaining between 4-12% of the variance. Conclusion The current data obtained from a community sample of CHR-participants highlight the importance of dysfunctions in motor and processing speed and emotion recognition RT. Moreover, these deficits were found to be related to global, social and role functioning, suggesting that neurocognitive impairments are an important aspect of sub-threshold psychotic experiences and a possible target for therapeutic interventions.

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People meeting ultra high risk for psychosis criteria in the community

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

The association between sleep quality and attenuated psychotic symptoms

The association between sleep quality and attenuated psychotic symptoms

Clinical and Functional Outcomes of At-Risk Mental State Among Non-Help Seeking Adolescents

Neuropsychological deficits in participants at clinical high risk for psychosis recruited from the community: relationships to functioning and clinical symptoms

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