People With Mental Retardation Are Dying, Legally: At Least 44 Have Been Executed

Keyes, Denis W.; Edwards, William J.; Perske, Robert

doi:10.1352/0047-6765(2002)040<0243:pwmrad>2.0.co;2

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…If so, a person's IQ should be reasonably similar over different batteries. Decisions about whether a child is diagnosed with mental retardation, or whether a prisoner is executed, should not vary depending on which test battery they took (Kanaya, Scullin, & Ceci, 2003; Keyes, Edwards, & Perske, 2002; Koocher, 2003). Just as consumers expect that thermometers sold by different manufacturers should yield similar temperatures (when using the same scale), we expect that duplicate measures of a psychological construct should yield similar results for the same individual.…”

Section: Exchangeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The exchangeability of IQs: Implications for professional psychology.

Floyd¹,

Clark²,

Shadish³

2008

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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IQs are important measures in the practice of psychology. Psychologists may frequently expect that IQs from different test batteries are reasonably exchangeable as measures of general intelligence. Results presented in this article provide evidence that different test batteries produce less similar IQs for samples of school-age children and undergraduate students than may have been expected. In fact, psychologists can anticipate that 1 in 4 individuals taking an intelligence test battery will receive an IQ more than 10 points higher or lower when taking another battery. Resulting suggestions for practice include carefully choosing batteries that provide representative sampling of specific abilities, differential weighting, or both; attending to unreliability in measurement; closely monitoring behaviors that undermine assessment of general intelligence; and considering the benefits of obtaining multiple IQs when such scores are used to make high-stakes diagnostic or eligibility decisions.

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Section: Exchangeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The exchangeability of IQs: Implications for professional psychology.

Floyd¹,

Clark²,

Shadish³

2008

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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“…Dans le second cas, les Matrices de Raven constituent la meilleure mesure non verbale de l'intelligence générale (g). Dans les deux cas, le clinicien doit évidemment parler la langue de la personne évaluée (Anastasi & Urbina, 1997;Brown, Reynolds & Whitaker, 1999;Larivée & Gagné, 2007) (Keyes, Edwards & Perske, 2002).…”

Section: Quelques Biais Potentielsunclassified

Le qi, flynn et piaget à la rescousse des condamnés.

Sénéchal¹,

Larivée²

2013

Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne

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En prononçant l'arrêt Atkins (juin 2002), la Cour suprême des États-Unis a déclaré illégale l'application de la peine de mort aux individus qui présentent des incapacités intellectuelles (II). Formulée en termes cliniques plutôt qu'en termes légaux, cette décision remet entre les mains des cliniciens les critères diagnostiques de la notion d'II. Dans ce texte, nous discuterons de deux des trois critères diagnostiques permettant de conclure qu'un individu a des II : des limitations importantes, d'une part, du fonctionnement intellectuel et, d'autre part, du comportement adaptatif manifesté par des habiletés conceptuelles, sociales et pratiques. Dans le premier cas, nous abordons successivement la définition de l'intelligence, telle que mesurée par le QI, la notion de biais, le problème de la stabilité et de la variation du QI, incluant l'erreur de mesure et l'effet de la pratique, les implications légales de l'effet Flynn puis, finalement, l'impact du recours a `la méthode clinique piagétienne. Dans le cas du comportement adaptatif, nous traiterons, d'une part, de l'impact sur la vie quotidienne d'habiletés adaptatives limitées et, d'autre part, de l'importance de maîtriser les schèmes opératoires formels pour fonctionner dans la société actuelle. Le texte se termine par la façon de détecter les individus qui pourraient simuler des incapacités intellectuelles.Mots-clés : incapacité intellectuelle, comportements adaptatifs, QI, effet Flynn, peine de mort, implications légales.

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“…I suspect many fewer individuals are opposed to the death penalty and even fewer of those would see intellectual disability (mental retardation) as a bar to the death penalty. It should be noted that since the death penalty was reinstated in 1976, at least 44 individuals who were considered to be mentally retarded have been executed, about two thirds of them African American (Keyes, Edwards, & Perske, 2002).…”

Section: Commentarymentioning

confidence: 99%

2010 award winners.

indicated¹

2010

American Psychologist

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In accordance with established custom, the APA bestows annual awards in recognition of outstanding contributions by psychologists across an array of domains. The awards laud distinguished contributions to the advancement of science, to applications of psychological knowledge to clinical and social issues, to education and training, and to work devoted to international cooperation and humanitarian ideals.

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People With Mental Retardation Are Dying, Legally: At Least 44 Have Been Executed

Cited by 13 publications

References 1 publication

The exchangeability of IQs: Implications for professional psychology.

The exchangeability of IQs: Implications for professional psychology.

Le qi, flynn et piaget à la rescousse des condamnés.

2010 award winners.

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