Pepper Analysis, A Critical Study of Two Procedures for the Determination of Piperine in Black and White Pepper

Abstract

The apparent piperine contents of black and white peppers were determined b y both a spectrophotometric method and a colorimetric procedure. The piperine contents by the latter procedure were consistently higher than that indicated b y the ultraviolet measurements. The variables causing these discrepancies in results were investigated using column fractionation of pepper extracts as well as by paper and thin-layer chromatography. Analogs of piperine with less than two conjugated ethylenic linkages could not be found in pepper extracts. However, all black and white peppers contained the piperine analog with three conjugated ethylenic linkages, piperettine. Measurements of the ultraviolet absorbances at 343 mp for piperine and at 364 mp for piperettine and calculation of the ratio of these two biochemically related constituents gave results for true piperine and piperettine contents which served to some extent as an indication of the geographical origin of a pure pepper.

The degradation kinetics of flavor in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)

“…Optical density was then measured at 343 nm using UV spectrophotometer (Fagen et al, 1955;Tausig et al, 1956;Genest et al, 1963;Shaikh et al, 2006). The piperine percent in black pepper was calculated from previously plotted standard graph using pure piperine with concentration ranging between 0 and 125 ppm.…”

Characterization and determination of piperine and piperine isomers in eggs

“…The application of a polyphenol-RsiL column has been described as a further possibility for the isolation of the four isomers [3]. Several studies were published for investigations about the isolation of piperine from pepper after extraction [10,13,14,15]. The metabolism of piperine has been studied in bile and urine after oral administration of piperine to rats [16].…”

Structures and Syntheses of Two Phenolic Amides fromPiper nigrumL.

“…The stereochemistry of the double bonds of the Wittig reaction products was determined by shift reagent experiments of PMR with Eu(fod) 3 • The 2E,4E-and 2E,4Z-isomers on the pentadienoyl moiety were separated by column chromatography, the ratio of the former to the latter being 19: 1. The MS and elementary analyses of 6c supported the molecular formula C, 3 H 25 N0 2 • Other spectral data also confirmed the structure. Hydrolysis of 6c with a mixture of hydrochloric acid and acetic acid under refluxing gave coumaperine (6a) in good yield.…”