Peptide‐Coated Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Surface Chemistry, and pH‐Triggered, Reversible Assembly into Particle Assemblies

Graf, Philipp; Mantion, Alexandre; Foelske, Annette; Shkilnyy, Andriy; Mašić, Admir; Thünemann, Andreas F.; Taubert, Andreas

doi:10.1002/chem.200802329

Cited by 87 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Both techniques clearly show that the nanoparticles can be dispersed as single, stable entities and that they do not coalesce to larger objects once being in solution. In addition we have shown that our SNP remain stable from pH 3-10 ( Graf et al 2009). Out of this range, they start to precipitate and thus become instable, which might be related to instability of peptides at extreme pH values (Smith and Hansen 1998).…”

Section: Characterization Of Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…1. Nanoparticles were prepared according to an in-house protocol and characterized as published (Graf et al 2009). The nanoparticles became available in two diameter sizes, that is, 20 nm (Ag20Pep) and 40 nm (Ag40Pep), respectively.…”

Section: Nanoparticle Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain peptides can be used to control the growth of inorganic materials (Mantion et al 2008a;Dickerson et al 2008) or complex silver-peptide hybrids (Mantion et al 2008b). Here we used a novel type of SNP, which are made of a SNP core surrounded by a small peptidic shell (Graf et al 2009). These particles offer several advantages in terms of narrow size distribution and defined shape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel type of silver nanoparticles and their advantages in toxicity testing in cell culture systems

et al. 2012

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Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are among the most commercialized nanoparticles worldwide. Often SNP are used because of their antibacterial properties. Besides that they possess unique optic and catalytic features, making them highly interesting for the creation of novel and advanced functional materials. Despite its widespread use only little data exist in terms of possible adverse effects of SNP on human health. Conventional synthesis routes usually yield products of varying quality and property. It thus may become puzzling to compare biological data from different studies due to the great variety in sizes, coatings or shapes of the particles applied. Here, we applied a novel synthesis approach to obtain SNP of well-defined colloidal and structural properties. Being stabilized by a covalently linked small peptide, these particles are nicely homogenous, with narrow size distribution, and form monodisperse suspensions in aqueous solutions. We applied these peptide-coated SNP in two different sizes of 20 or 40 nm (Ag20Pep and Ag40Pep) and analyzed responses of THP-1-derived human macrophages while being exposed against these particles. Gold nanoparticles of similar size and coating (Au20Pep) were used for comparison. The cytotoxicity of particles was assessed by WST-1 and LDH assays, and the uptake into the cells was confirmed via transmission electron microscopy. In summary, our data demonstrate that this novel type of SNP is well suited to serve as model system for nanoparticles to be tested in toxicological studies in vitro.

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Section: Characterization Of Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Nanoparticle Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel type of silver nanoparticles and their advantages in toxicity testing in cell culture systems

et al. 2012

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“…In order to investigate the eVects of silver nanoparticles on human intestinal cells, we used peptide-coated silver nanoparticles with deWned colloidal, structural and interfacial properties (Graf et al 2009) and proliferating and diVerentiated Caco-2 cells. The nanoparticles consist of a 20 and 40 nm silver core coated with the small peptide L-cysteine L-lysine L-lysine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity of peptide-coated silver nanoparticles on the human intestinal cell line Caco-2

et al. 2012

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Silver nanoparticles are used in a wide range of consumer products such as clothing, cosmetics, household goods, articles of daily use and pesticides. Moreover, the use of a nanoscaled silver hydrosol has been requested in the European Union for even nutritional purposes. However, despite the wide applications of silver nanoparticles, there is a lack of information concerning their impact on human health. In order to investigate the effects of silver nanoparticles on human intestinal cells, we used the Caco-2 cell line and peptide-coated silver nanoparticles with defined colloidal, structural and interfacial properties. The particles display core diameter of 20 and 40 nm and were coated with the small peptide L-cysteine L-lysine L-lysine. Cell viability and proliferation were measured using Promegas CellTiter-Blue® Cell Viability assay, DAPI staining and impedance measurements. Apoptosis was determined by Annexin-V/7AAD staining and FACS analysis, membrane damage with Promegas LDH assay and reactive oxygen species by dichlorofluorescein assay. Exposure of proliferating Caco-2 cells to silver nanoparticle induced decreasing adherence capacity and cytotoxicity, whereby the formation of reactive oxygen species could be the mode of action. The effects were dependent on particle size (20, 40 nm), doses (5-100 μg/mL) and time of incubation (4-48 h). Apoptosis or membrane damage was not detected.

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“…The particles were synthesized and characterized as published by Graf et al [4] Concentration ranges of the SNPs were chosen with respect to dose-dependent impairment of phagocytosis of the macrophages as can be seen in. [3] THP-1 cells were differentiated into human macrophages during a period of 24 h. Afterwards, they were exposed to SNPs.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ToF‐SIMS and Laser‐SNMS analysis of macrophages after exposure to silver nanoparticles

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Galla

Pelster

et al. 2012

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are among the most commercialized nanoparticles because of their antibacterial effects. Besides being employed, e.g. as a coating material for sterile surfaces in household articles and appliances, the particles are also used in a broad range of medical applications. Their antibacterial properties make SNPs especially useful for wound disinfection or as a coating material for prostheses and surgical instruments. Because of their optical characteristics, the particles are of increasing interest in biodetection as well. Despite the widespread use of SNPs, there is little knowledge of their toxicity. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and laser post-ionization secondary neutral mass spectrometry (Laser-SNMS) were used to investigate the effects of SNPs on human macrophages derived from THP-1 cells in vitro. For this purpose, macrophages were exposed to SNPs. The SNP concentration ranges were chosen with regard to functional impairments of the macrophages. To optimize the analysis of the macrophages, a special silicon wafer sandwich preparation technique was employed; ToF-SIMS was employed to characterize fragments originating from macrophage cell membranes. With the use of this optimized sample preparation method, the SNP-exposed macrophages were analyzed with ToF-SIMS and with Laser-SNMS. With Laser-SNMS, the three-dimensional distribution of SNPs in cells could be readily detected with very high efficiency, sensitivity, and submicron lateral resolution. We found an accumulation of SNPs directly beneath the cell membrane in a nanoparticular state as well as agglomerations of SNPs inside the cells.

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Peptide‐Coated Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Surface Chemistry, and pH‐Triggered, Reversible Assembly into Particle Assemblies

Cited by 87 publications

References 97 publications

A novel type of silver nanoparticles and their advantages in toxicity testing in cell culture systems

A novel type of silver nanoparticles and their advantages in toxicity testing in cell culture systems

Cytotoxicity of peptide-coated silver nanoparticles on the human intestinal cell line Caco-2

ToF‐SIMS and Laser‐SNMS analysis of macrophages after exposure to silver nanoparticles

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