Peptide vaccines for the treatment of glioblastoma

Swartz, Adam M.; Batich, Kristen A.; Fecci, Peter E.; Sampson, John H.

doi:10.1007/s11060-014-1676-y

Cited by 48 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Many cancer vaccines employ peptide antigens, and are primarily designed to elicit CD8 + and/or CD4 + T-cell responses (1, 2). Few studies of peptide vaccines have addressed whether cancer vaccines also elicit humoral responses and whether this impacts clinical outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination with Melanoma Helper Peptides Induces Antibody Responses Associated with Improved Overall Survival

Reed¹,

Cresce²,

Mauldin³

et al. 2015

Clin Cancer Res

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Purpose A melanoma vaccine incorporating six peptides designed to induce helper T cell responses to melanoma antigens has induced Th1-dominant CD4+ T cell responses in most patients, and induced durable clinical responses or stable disease in 24% of evaluable patients. The present study tested whether this vaccine also induced antibody (Ab) responses to each peptide, and whether Ab responses were associated with T cell responses and with clinical outcome. Patients and Methods Serum samples were studied from 35 patients with stage III–IV melanomas vaccinated with 6 melanoma helper peptides (6MHP). IgG Ab responses were measured by ELISA. Associations with immune response and overall survival were assessed by log-rank test and Chi square analysis of Kaplan-Meier data. Results Ab responses to 6MHP were detected by week 7 in 77% of patients, and increased to peak 6 weeks after the last vaccine and persisted to 6 months. Ab responses were induced most frequently to longer peptides. Of those with T cell responses, 82% had early Ab responses. Survival was improved for patients with early Ab response (p = 0.0011) or with early T cell response (p < 0.006), and was best for those with both Ab and T cell responses (p = 0.0002). Conclusion Vaccination with helper peptides induced both Ab responses and T cell responses, associated with favorable clinical outcome. Such immune responses may predict favorable clinical outcome to guide combination immunotherapy. Further studies are warranted to understand mechanisms of interaction of these Abs, T cell responses, and tumor control.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination with Melanoma Helper Peptides Induces Antibody Responses Associated with Improved Overall Survival

Reed¹,

Cresce²,

Mauldin³

et al. 2015

Clin Cancer Res

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“…[82] APCs navigate the lymphatic system to prime T-cells, which then recognize the tumor cell from its antigen [83]. Antigen expression varies across tumors and characterizing the antigenic repertoire for each tumor is a significant challenge, though attempts have been made to uncover novel glioma antigens for new therapeutics [79,84–86]. …”

Section: Current Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering challenges for brain tumor immunotherapy

Lyon

Mokarram

Saxena

et al. 2017

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

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Malignant brain tumors represent one of the most devastating forms of cancer with abject survival rates that have not changed in the past 60 years. This is partly because the brain is a critical organ, and poses unique anatomical, physiological, and immunological barriers. The unique interplay of these barriers also provides an opportunity for creative engineering solutions. Cancer immunotherapy, a means of harnessing the host immune system for anti-tumor efficacy, is becoming a standard approach for treating many cancers. However, its use in brain tumors is not widespread. This review discusses the current approaches, and hurdles to these approaches in treating brain tumors, with a focus on immunotherapies. We identify critical barriers to immunoengineering brain tumor therapies and discuss possible solutions to these challenges.

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“…Peptide vaccination concerns generation of vaccines based on peptide sequences representing a tumour antigen specific target [41]. Peptide vaccinations offer the advantage of high specificity and ease of antigen-generation.…”

Section: Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in immunotherapy for the treatment of glioblastoma

et al. 2016

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumour, associated with extremely poor prognosis and although there have been therapeutic advances, treatment options remain limited. This review focuses on the use of immunotherapy, harnessing the power of the host’s immune system to reject cancer cells. Key challenges in glioma specific immunotherapy as with many other cancers are the limited immunogenicity of the cancer cells and the immunosuppressive environment of the tumour. Although specific antigens have been identified in several cancers; brain tumours, such as GBM, are considered poorly immunogenic. However, as detailed in this review, strategies aimed at circumventing these challenges are showing promise for GBM treatment; including identification of glioma specific antigens and endogenous immune cell activation in an attempt to overcome the immunosuppressive environment which is associated with GBM tumours. An up-to-date summary of current Phase I/II and ongoing Phase III GBM immunotherapy clinical trials is provided in addition to insights into promising preclinical approaches which are focused predominantly on increased induction of Type 1 helper T cell (Th1) immune responses within patients.

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Peptide vaccines for the treatment of glioblastoma

Cited by 48 publications

References 44 publications

Vaccination with Melanoma Helper Peptides Induces Antibody Responses Associated with Improved Overall Survival

Vaccination with Melanoma Helper Peptides Induces Antibody Responses Associated with Improved Overall Survival

Engineering challenges for brain tumor immunotherapy

Advances in immunotherapy for the treatment of glioblastoma

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