Peptide YY and Glucagon-like Peptide-1 in Morbidly Obese Patients Before and After Surgically Induced Weight Loss

Reinehr, Thomas; Roth, Christian; Schernthaner, G.; Kopp, Hans Peter; Kriwanek, Stefan; Schernthaner, Guntram

doi:10.1007/s11695-007-9323-8

Cited by 73 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…96 Low bone mass was observed in PYY gene knockout models. 100 PYY levels increase after RNYGB and biliopancreatic diversion, 101 adjustable gastric band, 102 and sleeve gastrectomy. 103 To our knowledge, no clinical study to date has correlated PYY levels with bone density in bariatric surgery patients.…”

Section: Impact Of Bariatric Surgery On Bone Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 97%

Bariatric surgery and bone disease: from clinical perspective to molecular insights

et al. 2012

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Section: Impact Of Bariatric Surgery On Bone Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 97%

Bariatric surgery and bone disease: from clinical perspective to molecular insights

et al. 2012

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“…CCK analysis used Phoenix Peptidese RIA (RK-069-04) for CCK octapeptide (CCK [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. The standard RIA protocol was applied but without extraction of the peptides before the assay.…”

Section: Clinical Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oat β-glucan supplementation does not enhance the effectiveness of an energy-restricted diet in overweight women

et al. 2009

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Epidemiological evidence shows an inverse relationship between dietary fibre intake and body weight gain. Oat b-glucan, a soluble fibre alters appetite hormones and subjective satiety in acute meal test studies, but its effects have not been demonstrated with chronic consumption. The present study aimed to test the effects in women of two different doses of oat b-glucan on weight loss and hormones associated with appetite regulation. In a 3-month parallel trial, sixty-six overweight females were randomised into one of three 2 MJ energy-deficit diets: a control and two interventions including 5 -6 g or 8 -9 g b-glucan. Anthropometric and metabolic variables (blood glucose level, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), LDL, HDL, TAG and leptin), together with markers of appetite regulation (cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY) and PYY 3-36 ) were measured at baseline and at 3 months. After 3 months, all groups lost weight (P,0·001) and showed a reduced waist circumference (P,0·001). The study sample also showed reductions in TC, LDL, HDL, leptin, PYY, GLP-1 values (all P, 0·001) and an increase in CCK levels (P,0·001). No significant differences were noted between the groups for all outcome values except PYY levels (P¼ 0·018). In broad terms, the addition of oat b-glucan did not enhance the effect of energy restriction on weight loss in mildly overweight women, although wide variations in observed results suggests that individual responsiveness may be an issue. b-D-Glucan: Weight loss: Weight control: Appetite hormonesLarge bodies of epidemiological data show an inverse relationship between dietary fibre intake and body weight (1 -5) so that the logic and simplicity of including fibre in an energy-controlled diet remains tantalising. As a component of food, fibres are found in a fermentable (soluble) or non-fermentable (insoluble) form, but early research has been unable to show benefits from including either form in short term (3 -4 weeks) ad libitum diets (6) . This was also the case when the form of fibre was mixed linkage b-glucan, a soluble fibre delivered by oats (7) , well recognised for its cholesterol (8) and glucose lowering (9) actions. In order to better expose the advantages apparent from epidemiological studies, more work is required in understanding the physical features of fibre, the food delivery system, and how these may work together to affect mechanisms associated with weight management, such as satiety, particularly over longer periods of time.It is accepted that soluble fibre, by its viscous nature will not only increase upper gastrointestinal transit time, but also stimulate cholecystokinin (CCK) that will increase peristalsis (10) . The effects of other hormones are less clear, but the ileal brake formed by undigested foods in the distal gut (occurring with high fibre foods), in addition to the fermentation of soluble fibres in the large bowel are all seen as positive benefits of fibre. Meal studies are able to expose these mechanisms of action. This i...

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“…Indeed, most data support this theory, showing increased levels of GLP-1, PYY, and oxyntomodulin (OXM) after RYGB operation [26,27]. However, in one study, a decrease in GLP-1 levels was observed after bariatric surgery of morbidly obese adults [28]. …”

Section: The Role Of Eecs In Bariatric Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Appetite, Satiation, and Body Weight by Enteroendocrine Cells. Part 2: Therapeutic Potential of Enteroendocrine Cells in the Treatment of Obesity

Posovszky¹,

Wabitsch²

2015

Horm Res Paediatr

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Obesity is an epidemic and medical issue. Investigating the pathways regulating appetite, food intake, and body weight is crucial to find strategies for the prevention and treatment of obesity. In the context of therapeutic strategies, we focus here on the potential of enteroendocrine cells (EECs) and their secreted hormones in the regulation of body weight. We review the role of the enteroendocrine system during weight loss after lifestyle intervention or after bariatric surgery. We discuss the therapeutic potential of EECs and their hormones as targets for new treatment strategies. In fact, targeting nutrient receptors of EECs with a nutritional approach, pharmaceutical agents or prebiotics delivered to the lumen may provide a promising new approach.

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Peptide YY and Glucagon-like Peptide-1 in Morbidly Obese Patients Before and After Surgically Induced Weight Loss

Cited by 73 publications

References 33 publications

Bariatric surgery and bone disease: from clinical perspective to molecular insights

Bariatric surgery and bone disease: from clinical perspective to molecular insights

Oat β-glucan supplementation does not enhance the effectiveness of an energy-restricted diet in overweight women

Regulation of Appetite, Satiation, and Body Weight by Enteroendocrine Cells. Part 2: Therapeutic Potential of Enteroendocrine Cells in the Treatment of Obesity

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