Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in airborne particulate matter (PM2.0) emitted during floor waxing: A pilot study

Zhou, Jiaqi; Baumann, Karsten; Chang, Naomi Y.; Morrison, Glenn; Bodnar, Wanda M.; Zhang, Zhenfa; Atkin, Joanna M.; Surratt, Jason D.; Turpin, Barbara J.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118845

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Zhou et al collected air samples in three rooms in a university building in North Carolina, United States in 2019 14 . This study aimed to assess occupational exposure from custodial activities.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occupational exposures to airborne per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)—A review

Paris-Davila

Gaines

Lucas

et al. 2023

American J Industrial Med

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Background Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of synthetically‐made chemicals with diverse functional properties that have become ubiquitous in our environment because of their widespread use. PFAS exposure has been associated with adverse health effects, and it is therefore vital to know how exposure may occur. Many studies have focused on environmental exposure from drinking water, but there is a paucity of data on inhalation exposure, especially in occupational settings. Methods In this study, through a comprehensive literature search, measured airborne (i.e., aerosols, volatiles, and dust) inhalation exposure and area levels were compiled for various occupations to compare reported levels of PFAS exposure. Airborne PFAS levels measured in various occupations such as ski waxing, textile manufacturing, firefighting, and floor waxing were analyzed and compared. Results Results of this review demonstrate that workers experience varying levels of PFAS exposure contingent on the workplace and industry and the work tasks performed within the workplace. Out of all occupations, ski waxing exhibited the highest total PFAS airborne concentrations when compared to all other reported occupational and residential exposures. Conclusions Further research is recommended to estimate the risk of PFAS exposures in the occupations reviewed and to identify other potential occupations at risk of PFAS exposure. In addition, informed recommendations to implement safety measures ought to be developed to protect workers from adverse health effects.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The before and after samples were considered to reflect background PFAS levels in that building, and the samples during the waxing were considered to indicate the potential custodial occupational exposure to the waxer. Four of the ten PFAS estimated by Zhou et al were used in this analysis 14 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposures to airborne per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)—A review

Paris-Davila

Gaines

Lucas

et al. 2023

American J Industrial Med

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“…Manufacturing, use, and disposal of products containing PFAS result in emission of these compounds to indoor and outdoor air. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Due to the lack of appropriate analytical techniques, these emissions are oen not directly measured, and instead are characterized by the downstream deposition of these compounds or their transformation products (which are oen still highly uorinated) to soil, water, dust, or ice. [13][14][15][16][17] When PFAS are directly measured in the gas or aerosol phase, they are measured in an offline mode, by either passive or active sampling onto media, followed by extraction and analysis via LC-MS or GC-MS. 4,[7][8][9][10][11][12] Offline measurements lack temporal resolution, and sample collection and preparation can introduce contamination and other biases or artefacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Due to the lack of appropriate analytical techniques, these emissions are oen not directly measured, and instead are characterized by the downstream deposition of these compounds or their transformation products (which are oen still highly uorinated) to soil, water, dust, or ice. [13][14][15][16][17] When PFAS are directly measured in the gas or aerosol phase, they are measured in an offline mode, by either passive or active sampling onto media, followed by extraction and analysis via LC-MS or GC-MS. 4,[7][8][9][10][11][12] Offline measurements lack temporal resolution, and sample collection and preparation can introduce contamination and other biases or artefacts. 18,19 Many PFAS are of atmospheric relevance, even though the few available gas and aerosol-phase measurement methods precludes a thorough understanding of PFAS in the atmosphere, especially for newer PFAS more recently brought into production that lead to new emerging contaminants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PFCAs and PFSAs have been measured in atmospheric particulate matter and sea spray aerosols. 12,26,27 The latter is likely due to the high surface activity of these compounds, meaning their concentrations are enhanced at the air-water interface. Finally, many of the aforementioned PFAS, as well as polyuoroalkyl phosphoric acid diesters (diPAPs), peruorophosphonates (PFPAs), and peruorophosphinates (PFPIAs), have been measured in indoor dust.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of iodide chemical ionization mass spectrometry for gas and aerosol-phase per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) analysis

Bowers

Sullivan

2023

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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Short‐Chain Per/Polyfluoroalkyl Acids (C7 and Below)

Lasee,

Dourson,

Onyema

2024

Patty's Toxicology

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This chapter is about a series of short‐chain per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). In the past, PFAS were described as fluorinated fatty acids or sulfonates. The overall structure of PFAS is a carbon chain with fluorine atoms substituting for hydrogen atoms. The resulting chemicals are chemically stable, water and oil resistant, and useful for many industrial applications, such as in the formation of polymers. The most notorious in this group are the fluorinated fatty acids (carboxylates) or sulfonates. In biological systems, these chemicals are generally well‐absorbed by the oral route and resistant to metabolism but also have the unusual property of having drastically different elimination kinetics between mammalian species. The available literature on this group of PFAS (C7 and below) is modest. This chapter will not attempt to review all this literature. Rather, human studies will be emphasized. Since human studies often suggest associations between PFAS exposure and health outcomes, these studies will be followed by definitive experimental animal studies that give insights into the human evidence. Afterward, a summary of attempts to estimate potential human risk by various international agencies will be described. What will become obvious, however, is that the overall uncertainty in the database of some of these chemicals has led to widely divergent risk assessment positions that need to be resolved. Risk management decisions on specific members of this class of chemistries are seen to be premature without such scientific resolution.

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in airborne particulate matter (PM2.0) emitted during floor waxing: A pilot study

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Occupational exposures to airborne per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)—A review

Occupational exposures to airborne per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)—A review

Evaluation of iodide chemical ionization mass spectrometry for gas and aerosol-phase per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) analysis

Short‐Chain Per/Polyfluoroalkyl Acids (C7 and Below)

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