Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Chinese surface water: Temporal trends and geographical distribution

Wang, Jie; Shen, Cheng; Zhang, Jin; Lou, Guangyu; Shan, Shengdao; Zhao, Yaqian; Man, Yu Bon; Li, Yuliang

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170127

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Hexavalent chromium, acknowledged for its profound toxicity and carcinogenicity [ 21 ], poses a significant threat to human health, particularly among electroplating industry personnel. The burgeoning evidence implicating PFAS in adverse health outcomes underscores the urgency of addressing these pollutants, given their ubiquitous presence in aquatic environments globally [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. This study endeavors to confront these pressing environmental concerns by developing a more productive and sustainable wastewater treatment strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Cross-Linked Chitosan and Its Application as Adsorbent for Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Simulated Electroplating Wastewater

Cagnetta,

Yin,

Qiu

et al. 2024

Materials

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Chitosan is a promising adsorbent for removing a wide range of pollutants from wastewater. However, its practical application is hindered by instability in acidic environments, which significantly impairs its adsorption capacity and limits its utilization in water purification. While cross-linking can enhance the acid stability of chitosan, current solvent-based methods are often costly and environmentally unfriendly. In this study, a solvent-free mechanochemical process was developed using high-energy ball milling to cross-link chitosan with various polyanionic linkers, including dextran sulfate (DS), poly[4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid] (PSSM), and tripolyphosphate (TPP). The mechanochemically cross-linked (MCCL) chitosan products exhibited superior adsorption capacity and stability in acidic solutions compared to pristine chitosan. Chitosan cross-linked with DS (Cht-DS) showed the highest Reactive Red 2 (RR2) adsorption capacity, reaching 1559 mg·g−1 at pH 3, followed by Cht-PSSM (1352 mg·g−1) and Cht-TPP (1074 mg·g−1). The stability of MCCL chitosan was visually confirmed by the negligible mass loss of Cht-DS and Cht-PSSM tablets in pH 3 solution, unlike the complete dissolution of the pristine chitosan tablet. The MCCL significantly increased the microhardness of chitosan, with the order Cht-DS > Cht-PSSM > Cht-TPP, consistent with the RR2 adsorption capacity. When tested on simulated rinsing wastewater from chromium electroplating, Cht-DS effectively removed Cr(VI) (98.75% removal) and three per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (87.40–95.87% removal), following pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics. This study demonstrates the potential of the cost-effective and scalable MCCL approach to produce chitosan-based adsorbents with enhanced stability, mechanical strength, and adsorption performance for treating highly acidic industrial wastewater containing a mixture of toxic pollutants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Cross-Linked Chitosan and Its Application as Adsorbent for Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Simulated Electroplating Wastewater

Cagnetta,

Yin,

Qiu

et al. 2024

Materials

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Pillar[5]arene‐based Polymer Network for Efficiently Removing Perfluorooctanoic Acid through Synergistic Binding Interactions

Zhang,

Yue,

Sun

et al. 2024

ChemSusChem

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Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is currently one of the most important chemicals posing environmental risks, and there is an urgent need to find methods to efficiently remove PFOA from environmental media. Here, two decaamino‐pillar[5]arene‐based fluorine‐rich polymer networks, called FA2P‐P and FA6P‐P, were constructed using a convenient method. FA6P‐P had an excellent ability to take up PFOA, and had a capacity of 1423 (mg PFOA) (g FA6P‐P) −1, which is the second highest adsorption capacity reported for any PFOA sorbent. FA6P‐P removed >99% of the PFOA from a solution and decreased the PFOA concentration from 1000 µg L−1 in 5 min at an exceedingly low adsorbent loading of 0.7 mg L−1, giving a final PFOA concentration <4 ng L−1, which is lower than the most recent enforceable maximum concentration set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. A high rate constant (kobs) of 55.8 g mg−1 h−1 was observed. Pillar[5]arene gives the material hydrophobic properties and also amino sites and hydrophobic chains, which are synergistic PFOA binding sites. The polymer was very stable and readily regenerated. The results indicated that pillar[5]arene‐based porous organic polymer sorbents are excellent candidates for capturing PFOA.

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The abundance and analytical characterization of microplastics in the surface water of Haryana, India

Narwal,

Katyal

2024

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Microplastic (MP) contamination has become a serious environmental concern that affects terrestrial environments, aquatic ecosystems, and human health. The current study assesses the presence, abundance, and morphology of MPs present in the surface water of Rohtak district, Haryana, India, which is rapidly undergoing industrialization. While the morphological studies of MPs were conducted through stereo microscopy and field emission‐scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), the elemental composition of polymers was analyzed through attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR). The results revealed that the surface water was significantly contaminated by polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene. Moreover, the abundance of MPs was found to be 16–28 particles/L with an average value of 23 particles/L. Most of the MPs had fibrous morphology with the specifics being, fibers (43.9%), fragments (23.7%), films (17%), and pellets (15.4%). The MPs exhibited a size range of 0.61–4.87 mm, with an average size measured at 2.03 ± 0.04 mm. Also, the MP pollution load index values for the surface water bodies were found to be below 10, indicating a low risk category. Though currently designated as “low risk,” it is important that mitigation strategies be brought over at this juncture to further prevent the deterioration of quality of water. Thus, this study not only intends to bring forth the impact of human activities, industrial waste, open waste dumping, and inadequate municipal waste management practices on increasing MP concentration but also highlights the sustainable alternatives and strategies to address this emerging pollutant in urban water systems. For further prevention, the implementation of stringent regulations and on‐site plastic waste segregation is a critical component in preventing the disposal of plastic waste in surface water bodies.Research Highlights The abundance of MPs was found to be 16–28 particles/L, with an average value of 23 particles/L. The surface water bodies in Rohtak district fall into the hazard categories of low risk with values less than 10. The overall MP concentration in water, across all five areas, based on color was in order: white/transparent (39.1%), black (15%), gray (9.1%), green (8.7%), blue (7.8%), red (7.8%), orange (6.3%), and yellow (6.1%). The dominant polymers were polyethylene (PE) (42%) and polypropylene (41%) as determined by FTIR spectroscopy.

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Chinese surface water: Temporal trends and geographical distribution

Cited by 6 publications

References 122 publications

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Cross-Linked Chitosan and Its Application as Adsorbent for Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Simulated Electroplating Wastewater

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Cross-Linked Chitosan and Its Application as Adsorbent for Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Simulated Electroplating Wastewater

Pillar[5]arene‐based Polymer Network for Efficiently Removing Perfluorooctanoic Acid through Synergistic Binding Interactions

The abundance and analytical characterization of microplastics in the surface water of Haryana, India

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