Perancangan Filter Penjernih Air Sungai Kahayan Berbasis Pasir Silika Dan Lempung Alam Asal Kalimantan Tengah

Abstract

Salah satu cara pengolahan air yang sederhana dan ramah lingkungan adalah melalui proses penyaringan dengan instalasi penyaringan air sederhana (IPAS) menggunakan bahan alam. Bahan alam yang dapat digunakan sebagai filter dalam instalasi penjernihan air sederhana adalah pasir silika dan lempung alam yang diaktivasi. Pengambilan sampel sungai akan dilakukan di DAS (Daerah Aliran Sungai) Kahayan Kalimantan Tengah. Sampling air akan dilakukan pada saat musim kemarau sehingga tidak ada pengaruh pengenceran. Filter pasir silika dan kerikil diperoleh dari toko penjual ikan hias yaitu pasir ukuran halus dan kasar. Filter lempung mangan dapat dibuat dengan menggunakan lempung alam yang perlakukan dengan MnCl2 dan KMnO4. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan filter lempung mangan dan arang aktif mampu menyaring zat-zat berbahaya yang terlarut dalam air, menghilangkan bau dan menjernihkan air sungai kahayan yang keruh. Air sungai kahayan yang sebelum dilakukan penjernihan memiliki nilai pH 5,5, kandungan Fe 2,16 mg/L, total padatan tersuspensi (TSS) 258 mg/L, total padatan terlarut 30 mg/L, kekeruhan 140 NTU dan sangat bau. Setelah dilakukan penjernihan dengan instalasi penjernihan air, penjernihan memiliki nilai pH 6,5, kandungan Fe 0,7 mg/L, total padatan tersuspensi (TSS) 134 mg/L, total padatan terlarut 32 mg/L, kekeruhan 35,3 NTU dan tidak berbau. Hasil penjernihan air ini cukup layak digunanakan sebagai air bersih karena nilai pH, kandungan Fe, TDS, TSS, kekeruhan dan bau sesuai dengan syarat air bersih menurut Permenkes RI No: 416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990.

A simple water purification tool as an effort to meet clean water needs

“…Then, the chemical parameters observed are pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), iron levels, manganese, and hardness [39]. In addition, the physical requirements for water are that the water must be clean and not cloudy, colorless, tasteless, or odorless, the temperature does not differ more than 3 0 C from the air temperature and does not leave sediment, while the chemical requirements for water are that it does not contain excessive chemical substances, enough iodine, and the pH of the water between 6.5-8.5 [40], [41]. The main processes of water treatment consist of flocculation, sedimentation, and media filtration intending to remove colloids and suspended solids, ion exchange, carbon adsorption, and membrane processes to extract dissolved solids, and lastly, microbial inactivation disinfection, which is most often accomplished by chlorination, ozonation, and ultraviolet radiation [42] [43] Based on the research results, the pollution levels of each parameter before and after processing using zeolite sand and coconut shell activated charcoal have improved, except for the COD parameter, which has increased in value but is still below the quality standard.…”

Analysis of The Potential and Carrying Capacity of Lusi Sidoarjo Island as An Education and Conservation-Based Ecotourism

“…Source: [20] The largest abundance of elements in the mud content of Lusi Island is silicon elements, with a percentage of 31.1%. The diversity of this metal element has many potentials and directions of use that are so wide that it can be used as a useful and appropriate product for human life; for example, it is used as a cat alyst, heavy metal adsorption, and water purification [20][21]. However, many visitors do not know this potential.…”

“…For example, kaolin mineral in the industrial field is used as an additive to the rubber industry, which can increase strength and resistance to damage. Source: [20][21][22] Furthermore, the content and percentage of very diverse metals can be knowledge to encourage Lusi Island as educational-based tourism. In addition to having a variety of metal content, the mud of Lusi Island also has a fairly abundant mineral content.…”

Usulan Peningkatan Potensi Desa dan Pembuatan Alat Penyaring Air Untuk Masyarakat Desa Botodayaan

“…Sementara syarat kimiawi antara lain adalah tidak mengandung zat-zat kimiawi yang berlebihan, yodium yang mencukupi, pH air antara 6,5-8,5. Syarat mikrobiologi, antara lain adalah tidak mengandung kuman-kuman penyakit seperti disentri, tipus, kolera, dan bakteri patogen penyebab munculnya penyakit (Collin, 2009) [5]. Filtrasi atau penyaringan merupakan proses pemisahan antara padatan dengan cairan [6].…”