Perceção de homofobia e discriminação da comunidade LGBTQIA+ no contexto da disciplina de Educação Física em Portugal

Abstract

Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate internalized homophobia and the feeling of everyday discrimination among LGBTQIA+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transsexual, Queer, Intersex, Asexual) community in physical education. Methods: Qualitative, quantitative, and exploratory study was used on a convenience sample, non-probabilistic, carried out from May 2021 to July 2021. One hundred eighty individuals, aged between 18 and 60, participated in the study by answering a sociodemographic questionnaire, a questionnaire evaluating comfort with sexual identity (the Internalized Homophobia Scale), and the Everyday Discrimination Scale. Results: Regarding the evaluation of internalized homophobia, the perception of external stigma presented moderate to high correlations with the variables associated with discrimination in school settings and physical education classes. It was possible to confirm statistically significant sex differences in favorite sports practiced in physical education classes, where girls preferred group contact sports and boys preferred individual/non-contact sports. Through qualitative analysis was noticeable that most participants recalled homophobic rhetoric from classmates during physical education classes. Conclusions: There is a need for a greater understanding of gender differences and physical education practice. Concerns arise associated with the abandonment of physical exercise or sport due to the discrimination felt by young students. Future studies should analyze the perspective of those involved in the development of the physical education curriculum, taking into account the evolution of society.

Influencia de la satisfacción e importancia de la educación física en el abandono deportivo

“…Aun así, no solo existen motivos meramente deportivos, sino que la cultura organizativa, la satisfacción con el servicio y la calidad percibida intervienen en la decisión (Nuviala Nuviala et al, 2020), identificando un incremento de la motivación hacia la práctica aunque también un aumento de barreras, como el cansancio, que desestabilizan la continuidad conforme la edad avanza (Portela-Pino et al, 2021). Por otro lado, también se ha detectado cierta preocupación dentro del colectivo LGBTQIA+ (Lésbica, Gay, Bisexual, Transexual, Queer, Intersexo, Asexual), debido a situaciones discriminatorias en las que a pesar de tener inquietudes hacia la práctica de AFDE, puede impedir su adherencia (Craveiro, 2021). En este sentido, encontramos deportes como el ciclismo en los que tras su práctica, de forma rápida es desechada por las chicas, debido al obstáculo que les suponen los riesgos derivados, la estética corporal, la mecánica y la calle en la que en la mayoría de sociedades se encuentra frecuentada por hombres, derivando en inseguridad en ciertos contextos culturales diferentes (Sayagh & Dusong, 2021).…”