Perceived Discrimination and <i>DSM-IV</i>–Based Alcohol and Illicit Drug Use Disorders

Hunte, Haslyn E. R.; Barry, Adam E.

doi:10.2105/ajph.2012.300780

Cited by 60 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Consideration of sociocultural risk factors for alcohol related problems that disproportionately impact racial/ethnic minorities, including poverty and discrimination (Hunte et al, 2012) - and may differentially influence alcohol outcomes (Zapoleski et al, 2014) and their correlates (e.g., depression) - is critical to the development of more nuanced models of the pathways from initiation to AUD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progression from First Drink, First Intoxication, and Regular Drinking to Alcohol Use Disorder: A Comparison of African American and European American Youth

Sartor

Jackson

McCutcheon

et al. 2016

Alcohol Clin Exp Res

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Background Differences between African Americans and European Americans in the prevalence and age at onset of alcohol use and alcohol use disorder (AUD) have been documented, but distinctions in the timing of early stage transitions and contribution of various psychiatric and psychosocial risk factors to the progression from initiation to AUD have yet to be investigated. The current study characterized progression from alcohol use initiation - defined alternatively as first drink, first intoxication, and regular drinking onset - to AUD in young African American and European American youth. Methods Psychiatric interviews were administered via telephone to 1,461 participants (56% African American, 44% European American) in a high-risk family study (50.3% female, mean age=17.6, SD=3.8). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were conducted separately for the African American and European American subsamples to predict DSM-5 AUD as a function of age at alcohol use initiation, with age at first drink, age at first intoxication, and age at regular drinking onset as the point of origin in separate models. Results Across race/ethnicity, regardless of how it was measured, early alcohol use initiation predicted AUD, but hazard ratios (HRs) were lowest for first drink. Regular smoking and social anxiety disorder were significant predictors in both racial/ethnic groups but associations with conduct disorder (all 3 models: HR range=2.07–4.15) and major depressive disorder (regular drinking: HR=4.51, CI:1.60–12.69 for AUD onset age ≥20) were specific to African Americans. Posttraumatic stress disorder (HR=5.38, CI:1.44–20.08) and generalized anxiety disorder (HR=7.35, CI:2.31–23.34 for AUD onset ≤age 17) were strongly associated with progression from regular drinking to AUD exclusively in European Americans. Conclusions Early alcohol use initiation is a marker of risk for alcohol use disorder in both African American and European American youth, but the contributions of various psychiatric risk factors to the development of alcohol use disorder are not universal across racial/ethnic groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progression from First Drink, First Intoxication, and Regular Drinking to Alcohol Use Disorder: A Comparison of African American and European American Youth

Sartor

Jackson

McCutcheon

et al. 2016

Alcohol Clin Exp Res

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“…For example, Hunte and Barry (2012) found every one unit increase in everyday discrimination predicted increases of alcohol- and drug-use disorders. Repeated or ongoing experiences of discrimination can be a chronic stressor, elevating distress and negative physical arousal, which in turn, can deplete psychological resources (Gee, Spencer, Chen, & Takeuchi, 2007) and lead to stress-sensitive disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, alcohol-use disorder, and illicit drug-use disorder (Hunte & Barry, 2012; Schulz et al, 2006; Soto et al, 2011). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Everyday discrimination and mood and substance use disorders: A latent profile analysis with African Americans and Caribbean Blacks

Clark

Salas-Wright

Vaughn

et al. 2015

Addictive Behaviors

118

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Perceived discrimination is a major source of health-related stress. The purpose of this study was to model the heterogeneity of everyday-discrimination experiences among African American and Caribbean Blacks and to identify differences in the prevalence of mood and substance use outcomes, including generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, alcohol-use disorder, and illicit drug-use disorder among the identified subgroups. The study uses data from the National Survey of American Life obtained from a sample of African American and Caribbean Black respondents (N = 4,462) between 18 and 65 years. We used latent profile analysis and multinomial regression analyses to identify and validate latent subgroups and test hypotheses, yielding 4 classes of perceived everyday discrimination: Low Discrimination, Disrespect and Condescension, General Discrimination, and Chronic Discrimination. Findings show significant differences exist between the Low Discrimination and General Discrimination classes for major depressive disorder, alcohol-use disorder, and illicit drug-use disorder. Moreover, we find significant differences exist between the Low Discrimination and Chronic Discrimination classes for the four disorders examined. Compared with the Chronic Discrimination class, members of the other classes were significantly less likely to meet criteria for generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, alcohol-use disorder, and illicit drug-use disorder. Findings suggest elevated levels of discrimination increase risk for mood and substance-use disorders. Importantly, results suggest the prevalence of mood and substance-use disorders is a function of the type and frequency of discrimination that individuals experience.

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“…6,7 Stress-coping frameworks and the minority stress model have been applied to hypothesize that individuals belonging to various marginalized groups respond to experiences of discrimination with unhealthy coping behaviors, such as substance use. 14,15 Moreover, discrimination may lead to underemployment, lower wages, and limited access to health services and other resources that can affect health outcomes. 16 In this way, discrimination operates at both the interpersonal and institutional levels simultaneously to situate individuals on different health trajectories, fostering and reinforcing poor health behaviors and outcomes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination and Substance Use Disorders Among Latinos: The Role of Gender, Nativity, and Ethnicity

et al. 2014

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Objectives We examined the relationship between discrimination and substance use disorders among a diverse sample of Latinos. We also investigated whether the relationship between discrimination and substance use disorders varied by gender, nativity, and ethnicity. Methods Our analyses focused on 6294 Latinos who participated in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions from 2004 to 2005. We used multinomial logistic regression to examine the association between discrimination and substance use disorders. Results Discrimination was significantly associated with increased odds of alcohol and drug use disorders among Latinos. However, the relationship between discrimination and substance use disorders varied by gender, nativity, and ethnicity. Discrimination was associated with increased odds of alcohol and drug use disorders for certain groups, such as women, US-born Latinos, and Mexicans, but this relationship did not follow the same pattern for other subgroups. Conclusions It is important to determine which subgroups among Latinos may be particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of discrimination to address their needs.

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Perceived Discrimination and DSM-IV–Based Alcohol and Illicit Drug Use Disorders

Cited by 60 publications

References 43 publications

Progression from First Drink, First Intoxication, and Regular Drinking to Alcohol Use Disorder: A Comparison of African American and European American Youth

Progression from First Drink, First Intoxication, and Regular Drinking to Alcohol Use Disorder: A Comparison of African American and European American Youth

Everyday discrimination and mood and substance use disorders: A latent profile analysis with African Americans and Caribbean Blacks

Discrimination and Substance Use Disorders Among Latinos: The Role of Gender, Nativity, and Ethnicity

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