Perceived emotion regulation and emotional distress tolerance in patients with hoarding disorder

Worden, Blaise L.; Levy, Hannah C.; Das, Akanksha; Katz, Benjamin W.; Stevens, Michael C.; Tolin, David F.

doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2019.100441

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…However, not all the previous studies confirmed that distress levels are higher amongst people with HD or CHS. For example, Worden et al ( 42 ) found that distress levels did not discriminate a clinical group with HD from a control group after controlling for depressive and anxious symptoms. One possible explanation for this result is that the CHS group was not composed of individuals who sought help for CHS; for this reason, maybe the level of distress in this group was not high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compulsive Hoarding Symptoms and the Role of Mindfulness Skills During Social Distancing for the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Survey

et al. 2021

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People reporting compulsive hoarding symptoms (CHS) have lower mindfulness skills than those without such symptoms. Mindfulness skills can have the role of a protective buffer against stressful periods. The quarantine imposed to contain the COVID-19 spread had a negative impact on daily habits and healthy behaviors (including social interactions). An increased attachment to objects might be one of the under-recognized psychological consequences of these difficult times, yet no study focused on CHS. Through an online survey in men who were on quarantine during the pandemic, this exploratory survey examined the prevalence of men reporting CHS during this period and explored the role of mindfulness skills on CHS controlling for anxious-depressive/stress symptoms. Forty-three men from the general population completed the Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R), Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21). Twenty-eight percent reported CHS. No differences on the scores of the questionnaires emerged between men with and without CHS, except on CAMS-R Attention scores. In a logistic regression analysis lower CAMS-R Attention scores predicted CHS (β = −0.34, p = 0.03). This is the first, yet preliminary investigation on CHS during quarantine. The prevalence of CHS appears higher than the rates (4%) reported in the last years before the COVID-19 outbreak. Perhaps people showed more intense hoarding tendencies during quarantine/social distancing, and this pattern should be monitored. Larger samples, longitudinal designs and clinician-rated instruments are needed to support or not our findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compulsive Hoarding Symptoms and the Role of Mindfulness Skills During Social Distancing for the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Survey

et al. 2021

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“…Interestingly, recent studies exploring the role of intolerance to uncertainty in mental well-being associated with the COVID-19 pandemic have reported that the combination of rumination and fear of COVID-19 mediates the association between intolerance to uncertainty and mental well-being ( Satici et al, 2020 ). Intolerance to uncertainty is also a predictor of the severity of hoarding symptoms in people with hoarding disorder ( Worden et al, 2019 ). Many of the recommended measures during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as washing and prevention of contamination as well as the quarantine and nationwide lockdown, are thought to worsen symptoms of patients with OCD or hoarding behaviours ( Banerjee, 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and realist synthesis on toilet paper hoarding: COVID or not COVID, that is the question

Labad

González-Rodríguez

Cobo

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Objective To explore whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is associated with toilet paper hoarding and to assess which risk factors are associated with the risk of toilet paper hoarding. Design A systematic review and realist review were conducted. Data sources PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and PsycINFO were searched (systematic review). PubMed, pre-prints and grey literature were also searched (realist review). The databases were searched from inception until October 2020. Study selection There were no restrictions on the study design. Outcomes and measures For the systematic review, toilet paper hoarding was the main outcome, and pathological use of toilet paper was the secondary outcome. For the realist review, the context-mechanisms-outcome (CMO) scheme included the COVID-19 pandemic (context), four proposed mechanisms, and one outcome (toilet paper hoarding). The four potential mechanisms were (1) gastrointestinal mechanisms of COVID-19 (e.g. diarrhoea), (2) social cognitive biases, (3) stress-related factors (mental illnesses, personality traits) and (4) cultural aspects (e.g. differences between countries). Eligibility criteria for selecting studies All studies of human populations were considered (including general population studies and clinical studies of patients suffering from mental health problems). Results The systematic review identified 14 studies (eight studies for the main outcome, six studies for the secondary outcome). Three surveys identified the role of the COVID-19 threat in toilet paper hoarding in the general population. One study pointed to an association between a personality trait (conscientiousness) and toilet paper buying and stockpiling as well as an additional significant indirect effect of emotionality through the perceived threat of COVID-19 on toilet paper buying and stockpiling. Six case reports of pathological use of toilet paper were also identified, although none of them were associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The realist review suggested that of all the mechanisms, social cognitive biases and a bandwagon effect were potential contributors to toilet paper hoarding in the general population. The stressful situation (COVID-19 pandemic) and some personality traits (conscientiousness) were found to be associated with toilet paper hoarding. Cultural differences were also identified, with relatively substantial effects of toilet paper hoarding in several Asian regions (Australia, Japan, Taiwan and Singapore). Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with a worldwide increase in toilet paper hoarding. Social media and social cognitive biases are major contributors and might explain some differences in toilet paper hoarding between countries. Other mental health-related factors, such as the stressful situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, fear of contagion, or particular personality traits (conscientiousness), are likely to be involved. Registration PROSPERO CRD42020182308

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“…The assessment of these transdiagnostic constructs is essential, since they allow therapists and researchers to understand how general dysfunctional processes interact with the HD core features and their roles in facilitating and maintaining hoarding symptomatology (e.g., [ 7 ]). Since difficulties in tolerating fear and discomfort is a maintenance factor of HD and associated behaviors (such as to avoid the act of throwing away possessions), the management of these processes should be integrated into HD treatment and thoroughly investigated during the act of discarding [ 8 – 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 20 – 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The experience of leaving a valuable object: An investigation of emotional processes related to Hoarding disorder features

et al. 2023

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One of the core features of hoarding is a significant resistance to discarding objects, which is fueled by dysfunctional beliefs and unwarranted negative emotions that hoarders tend to feel when disposing of their possessions. To our knowledge, longitudinal studies investigating the psychological effects that people who hoard experience after separating from their valuable possessions have yet to be conducted. Our study’s principal aim was to explore psychological processes that individuals with high hoarding features (n = 53; 49.1%) and individuals with low hoarding features (n = 55; 50.9%) experienced when they had to separate from a valuable possession. To do this, we evaluated participants’ thoughts and feelings at several time points after they had to leave a valuable object at the University laboratory (evaluations were specifically conducted at baseline, during the week, and at the end of the week). To investigate hoarding and anxiety, as well as depressive, obsessive-compulsive, and emotional processes-related features, a mixed-method approach was employed involving self-report questionnaires, ad hoc surveys, and a daily self-monitoring schedule. Our findings showed that compared to participants with low hoarding features, participants with high hoarding traits: 1) scored higher for anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance, and emotional dysregulation; 2) reported having more negative emotions when leaving their object; 3) had more intrusive object-related beliefs; and 4) experienced a higher frequency of negative emotions as well as a higher level of distress during the week. Both groups experienced more negative emotions in the first part of the week, which decreased as the time at which participants could receive their object back drew closer. Finally, dysfunctional beliefs about leaving a personal object (Saving Cognitions Inventory), sensitivity to anxiety (Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3), and distress tolerance (Distress Tolerance Scale) contributed to the level of discomfort that participants with higher hoarding scores reported when they had to leave their possession. These results highlight the relevance of emotional processes in the hoarding disorder framework as well as underscore the importance of assessing and treating them in clinical settings.

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Perceived emotion regulation and emotional distress tolerance in patients with hoarding disorder

Cited by 12 publications

References 54 publications

Compulsive Hoarding Symptoms and the Role of Mindfulness Skills During Social Distancing for the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Survey

Compulsive Hoarding Symptoms and the Role of Mindfulness Skills During Social Distancing for the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Survey

A systematic review and realist synthesis on toilet paper hoarding: COVID or not COVID, that is the question

The experience of leaving a valuable object: An investigation of emotional processes related to Hoarding disorder features

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