Perceived load, fatigue and recovery responses during congested and non-congested micro-cycles in international football tournaments

Noor, Denny; McCall, Alan; Jones, Mark; Duncan, Craig S.; Ehrmann, Fabian; Meyer, Tim; Duffield, Rob

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2021.07.001

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The similar results in physical performance between matches with 48-h and 72-h intervals (i.e., matches 2, 3, and 4 vs. matches 6, 7, and 8) are in line with a previous study that investigated the differences between 48-h and 72-h intervals in treadmill-simulated conditions in semi-professional football players ( 17 ). Other studies on congested schedules have also found similar results, although the between-match interval investigated was longer (72–96 h vs. >96 h) ( 4 , 18 ). The fact that physical performance during football matches results from a combination of players' physical fitness and technical-tactical demands ( 4 ), rather than demands for maximal physical performance, may explain this finding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The differences observed in total distance, n. of accelerations, and n. of decelerations may also have influenced the higher CK and PCR concentrations in the first phase compared to the second, although this effect has been shown to be smaller ( 19 , 20 ). Thus, the 48-h between-match interval appears to lead to a cumulative fatigue effect ( 21 ), which has been associated with a higher risk of injury in the long term ( 18 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences between 48 and 72-hour intervals on match load and subsequent recovery: a report from the Brazilian under-20 national football team

Wilke,

Coimbra,

Drummond

et al. 2024

Front. Sports Act. Living

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PurposeTo compare the external and internal load and subsequent recovery of football players after international tournament matches separated by 48 h vs. 72 h.MethodsA total of 14 male football players from the Brazilian National Team, competing in the 2019 South American Under-20 Championship, participated in the study. Match load was quantified using GPS variables and perceived exertion ratings (1). Additionally, before and 13–15 h after each match, players answered questions about the number of hours and quality of sleep, recovery status, and muscle soreness (0–10) and provided a blood sample for creatine kinase and reactive C-protein analysis. Values of all variables were compared between matches played with 48-h intervals (matches 1–4) and 72-h intervals (matches 5–8).ResultsNo significant differences in performance or perceptual parameters were observed between matches (p = 0.136–0.953). However, CK was higher in matches 1–4 compared to matches 5 and 6; and ΔPCR was higher in matches 2 and 3 compared to matches 5 and 6, and in match 4 compared to matches 5 and 8.ConclusionsAfter matches with a 48-h rest interval, players showed increased markers of inflammation and muscle damage compared to matches with a 72-h rest interval.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences between 48 and 72-hour intervals on match load and subsequent recovery: a report from the Brazilian under-20 national football team

Wilke,

Coimbra,

Drummond

et al. 2024

Front. Sports Act. Living

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“…Compared with in-season training, the loads experienced in match-play are significantly higher ( Collins et al, 2021 ), and players can require up to 72–96 h of recovery time to achieve optimal physical performance in subsequent matches ( Ispirlidis et al, 2008 ; Silva et al, 2018 ). However, semi-professional and professional players are sometimes exposed to periods of match congestion involving up to eight matches per month, which makes recovery times insufficient ( Carling et al, 2015 ; Noor et al, 2021 ; Pillay et al, 2022 ). Adding to the effort of football match-play, players undergo in-season training cycles to prepare for competition ( Malone et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of post-match recovery in semi-professional and professional football (soccer)

et al. 2023

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High-level football (soccer) players face intense physical demands that result in acute and residual fatigue, impairing their physical performance in subsequent matches. Further, top-class players are frequently exposed to match-congested periods where sufficient recovery times are not achievable. To evaluate training and recovery strategies, the monitoring of players’ recovery profiles is crucial. Along with performance and neuro-mechanical impairments, match-induced fatigue causes metabolic disturbances denoted by changes in chemical analytes that can be quantified in different body fluids such as blood, saliva, and urine, thus acting as biomarkers. The monitoring of these molecules might supplement performance, neuromuscular and cognitive measurements to guide coaches and trainers during the recovery period. The present narrative review aims to comprehensively review the scientific literature on biomarkers of post-match recovery in semi-professional and professional football players as well as provide an outlook on the role that metabolomic studies might play in this field of research. Overall, no single gold-standard biomarker of match-induced fatigue exists, and a range of metabolites are available to assess different aspects of post-match recovery. The use of biomarker panels might be suitable to simultaneously monitoring these broad physiological processes, yet further research on fluctuations of different analytes throughout post-match recovery is warranted. Although important efforts have been made to address the high interindividual heterogeneity of available markers, limitations inherent to these markers might compromise the information they provide to guide recovery protocols. Further research on metabolomics might benefit from evaluating the long-term recovery period from a high-level football match to shed light upon new biomarkers of post-match recovery.

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“…Preparation of national football teams (soccer) is often constrained by short pre-tournament availability, requiring players to rapidly transition between club and national team programs before and after tournaments (19,20). This transition is of concern for performance and medical staff in club and national teams given the restricted time and insight on athlete preparation for respective competitions, as exemplified at tournaments such as World Cups (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Training Load and Wellness of Female Footballers Transitioning Between Club and National Teams

Brown,

Massard,

Wignell

et al. 2023

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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Brown, GA, Massard, T, Wignell, T, McCall, A, and Duffield, R. Monitoring training load and wellness of female footballers transitioning between club and national teams. J Strength Cond Res 37(11): 2235–2240, 2023—This study described the change in training and match internal loads, plus perceptual wellness during the transition between club and national teams (NTs) for female international footballers (soccer). Session count, session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE), and perceptual wellness data were collected from 42 players from 1 NT between 2019 and 2021 for 7 NT tournaments. Data were collated into 7-day (1 week) microcycles to compare the 2 weeks before the first week of NT (transition in: NT-2, NT-1, NT1); and separately from the final NT week to the next 2 weeks in clubs (transition out: NTFinal, NT+1, NT+2). Data were analyzed using linear mixed-models, with session count, s-RPE or wellness as the outcome variable, week as the fixed effect, player name, and tournament as random effects. Tukey's adjusted post-hoc comparisons and Cohen's d effect sizes (ES) were compared between weeks. Significance level was set at p < 0.05. During the transition into NT, training and total session counts increased (p < 0.0001, ES > 0.67), training s-RPE increased (p = 0.012, ES = 0.35), whereas match count and s-RPE decreased (p < 0.05, ES < −0.34). During the transition out of NT, there were decreases in training session count (p < 0.05, ES < −0.37), match count, and total session count (p < 0.0001, ES < −0.86), and match and total s-RPE (p < 0.0001, ES < −0.63). Perceived wellness was not significantly different throughout (p > 0.05, ES = −0.34 to 0.35). Thus, training and match exposures differ between club and NTs, demonstrating these unique transitional periods require simple and effective load monitoring to inform training and recovery prescription when changing between club and NTs.

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Perceived load, fatigue and recovery responses during congested and non-congested micro-cycles in international football tournaments

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Differences between 48 and 72-hour intervals on match load and subsequent recovery: a report from the Brazilian under-20 national football team

Differences between 48 and 72-hour intervals on match load and subsequent recovery: a report from the Brazilian under-20 national football team

Biomarkers of post-match recovery in semi-professional and professional football (soccer)

Monitoring Training Load and Wellness of Female Footballers Transitioning Between Club and National Teams

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