Perceived racial discrimination and suicidal behaviors among racial and ethnic minority adolescents in the United States: Findings from the 2021 adolescent behaviors and experiences survey

Baiden, Philip; LaBrenz, Catherine A.; Onyeaka, Henry; Muoghalu, Chioma; Nicholas, Julia K.; Spoor, Samantha P.; Bock, Estah; Taliaferro, Lindsay A.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114877

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…However, the lifetime prevalence rates of PRD among the CDC sample were notably higher than those reported over the past year from high schoolers in our study (35.6% versus 7.3%, respectively), possibly due to differences in the time period for which PRD was measured [47]. Consistent with the existing epidemiological and clinical literature, PRD was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of serious psychological distress, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt across the entire sample and each racial/ethnic group [5,[18][19][20]35,36,[43][44][45][46][47]. As with the aforementioned 2021 CDC study, these results remained consistent even after controlling for other known demographic risk factors for suicide such as SOGI and rurality, though the strength of association between PRD and suicidality in the current study was larger in magnitude than the results of the CDC analysis [5].…”

Section: Key Findingssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…In a separate secondary analysis of data from this survey, data from a sample of 3241 minority adolescents were analyzed using logistic regression. After controlling for other factors (e.g., self-identification as lesbian/gay, bi-sexual, or questioning; cyberbullying; feeling sad or hopeless; and poor mental health during the pandemic-all wellestablished risk factors for suicidality), racial/ethnic adolescents who reported PRD evidenced 1.57 times higher odds of experiencing suicidal ideation, 1.64 times higher odds of making a suicide plan, and 1.67 times higher odds of attempting suicide during the past year [5].…”

Section: Epidemiological Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perceived racial discrimination (PRD) in adolescence has been recognized as a contributor to negative mental health outcomes [5][6][7][8][9][10]. As a construct, PRD denotes a subjective, experiential attribution that occurs when an individual perceives they have been treated unfairly or unfavorably based on their race/ethnicity.…”

Section: Introduction 1developmental Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceived Racial Discrimination, Psychological Distress, and Suicidal Behavior in Adolescence: Secondary Analysis of Cross-Sectional Data from a Statewide Youth Survey

Cahill,

Illback,

Peiper

2024

Healthcare

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Developmental, clinical, and epidemiological research have demonstrated the salience of perceived racial discrimination (PRD) as a contributor to negative mental health outcomes in adolescence. This article summarizes secondary analyses of cross-sectional data from a large-scale youth survey within a predominantly rural state, to estimate the prevalence and strength of the association between PRD and serious psychological distress (SPD), suicidal ideation, and prior suicidal attempts. Data from 93,812 students enrolled in 6th, 8th, 10th, or 12th grade within 129 school districts across Kentucky were examined, to determine prevalence rates for subgroups within the cohort. Logistic regression analyses assessed the differences and established comparative strength of the association among these variables for racial/ethnic subgroups. PRD was self-reported at high rates across several demographic subgroups and was most evident among Black (24.5%) and Asian (22.1%) students. Multiracial students experienced the highest rates of both SPD and suicidality (ideation and prior attempt). Both for the entire cohort and for each racial/ethnic subgroup, PRD was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of negative mental health outcomes, although the strength of these associations varied across the subgroups and developmental levels. The implications for early intervention and prevention are discussed.

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Section: Key Findingssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Epidemiological Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction 1developmental Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceived Racial Discrimination, Psychological Distress, and Suicidal Behavior in Adolescence: Secondary Analysis of Cross-Sectional Data from a Statewide Youth Survey

Cahill,

Illback,

Peiper

2024

Healthcare

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“…These findings, which align with previous studies, underscore an increasing suicide epidemic among racial and ethnic minoritized youths and may be influenced by various determinants. For instance, the significant increase in discrimination and hate crimes targeting racial and ethnic minoritized communities during the past decade are recognized contributors to increased suicide risk . In addition, adolescent firearm suicides are more common in neighborhoods with higher concentrations of people living at or below the federal poverty line, which are disproportionately composed of American Indian and Alaska Native, Black, and Hispanic or Latino communities .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Adolescent Suicide by Method in the US, 1999-2020

Ormiston,

Lawrence,

Sulley

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceAdolescent suicide in the US is a major public health problem, yet temporal trends in suicide methods by demographics are understudied.ObjectiveTo examine national trends in suicide mortality by method (firearm, poisoning, hanging and asphyxiation, and all other means) from 1999 to 2020 by demographic characteristics.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis serial cross-sectional study used national death certificate data of adolescent (aged 10-19 years) suicide decedents compiled by the National Center for Health Statistics from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2020. Data analysis was performed from April 1, 2023, to July 9, 2023.ExposuresAge, sex, and race and ethnicity.Main Outcomes and MeasuresTrends in age-standardized mortality rates and average annual percent change (AAPC) in rates were estimated by age, sex, and race and ethnicity for each suicide method.ResultsThis study assessed data from 47 217 adolescent suicide decedents. From 1999 to 2020, suicide by firearm (AAPC, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.1-1.9), poisoning (AAPC, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.0-4.4), hanging and asphyxiation (AAPC, 2.4; 95% CI, 0.2-4.6), and other means (AAPC, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.2-4.6) increased. Rapidly increasing rates were observed among female adolescents for poisoning (AAPC, 4.5; 95% CI, 2.3-6.7) and hanging and asphyxiation (AAPC, 5.9; 95% CI, 5.0-6.8) suicides. From 2007 to 2020, firearm suicides sharply increased among female (annual percent change [APC], 7.8; 95% CI, 6.0-9.5) and male (APC, 5.3; 95% CI, 4.3-6.3) adolescents. Firearm suicide rates increased among Black adolescents from 2012 to 2020 (APC, 14.5; 95% CI, 9.7-19.5), Asian and Pacific Islander adolescents from 2008 to 2020 (APC, 12.0; 95% CI, 9.7-14.5), American Indian and Alaska Native adolescents from 2014 to 2020 (APC, 10.6; 95% CI, 2.6-19.3), and Hispanic or Latino adolescents from 2011 to 2020 (APC, 10.2; 95% CI, 6.3-13.8). During the study period, Black adolescents had the highest average increase in hanging and asphyxiation suicides (AAPC, 4.2; 95% CI, 3.2-5.2). From 2011 to 2020, poisoning suicide deaths increased (APC, 12.6; 95% CI, 8.5-16.7) among female adolescents.Conclusions and RelevanceSuicide rates increased across all methods from 1999 to 2020. Differences were noted by sex, age, and race and ethnicity. Increasing suicide rates among racial and ethnic minoritized youth are especially concerning, and effective prevention strategies are urgently needed.

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“…This study examined the intersection of adolescent substance use and CPS involvement that has not been extensively examined in previous research. Notably, we examined such association while accounting for contextual factors which have been recently recognized as factors of adolescent health and well‐being, including substance use initiation (Baiden et al, 2023; Lery, 2009; Scott & Pinderhughes, 2019).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents with substance use referred to child protective services: Does substance use treatment prevent foster care entry?

LaBrenz,

Ohri,

Kim

et al. 2023

Child & Family Social Work

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Adolescent substance use has been linked to several negative outcomes, which can be exacerbated by exposure to adversity such as child maltreatment. However, few studies have examined the intersection of adolescent substance use and child protective service (CPS) involvement. This study examined the relationship between substance use treatment and entries into foster care among adolescents referred to CPS for maltreatment. Data for this study came from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS), an annually reported database that contains information on all CPS reports screened for investigation. NCANDS was merged with county‐level data from the American Community Survey to explore the relationship between treatment and foster care entry while adjusting for contextual factors. Our sample included 2326 adolescents who were referred to CPS in fiscal year (FY) 2018 and were followed until FY 2019 to examine correlates of foster care entry. A series of multilevel logistic regressions were conducted. Approximately 1 in 20 adolescents entered foster care during the study period and 1 in 10 used treatment services prior to foster care entry. Substance use treatment increased the odds of foster care entry (adjusted odds ratios = 2.30, p < 0.05), while adolescents residing in counties with higher percentages of non‐Hispanic White residents had lower odds of foster care entry (adjusted odds ratios = 0.67, p < 0.05). Among adolescents with substance use referred to CPS, substance use treatment increases the likelihood of foster care entry. This may highlight the need to provide services earlier and to ensure that adolescents can access treatment without entering state custody. Future research should explore these relationships in more depth.

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Perceived racial discrimination and suicidal behaviors among racial and ethnic minority adolescents in the United States: Findings from the 2021 adolescent behaviors and experiences survey

Cited by 18 publications

References 117 publications

Perceived Racial Discrimination, Psychological Distress, and Suicidal Behavior in Adolescence: Secondary Analysis of Cross-Sectional Data from a Statewide Youth Survey

Perceived Racial Discrimination, Psychological Distress, and Suicidal Behavior in Adolescence: Secondary Analysis of Cross-Sectional Data from a Statewide Youth Survey

Trends in Adolescent Suicide by Method in the US, 1999-2020

Adolescents with substance use referred to child protective services: Does substance use treatment prevent foster care entry?

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